Techno-economical assessment

Castello, P., Tzimas, E., Moretto, P. and Peteves, S. D. (2005). Techno-Economic Assessment of Hydrogen Transmission Distribution Systems in Europe in the Medium and Long Term. Joint Research Centre (JRC), Report EUR 21586 EN. Petten, The Netherlands The Institute for Energy. 

What is required is a form of resource and technology assessment. This could be summarized in a matrix in which the potential of each resource and technology can be quantified and charted. This matrix is shown in figure 2 the items in each column are illustrative and the lists are by no means exhaustive. The identification of R D requirements then requires a techno-economic assessment of the possibility of different pathways through the matrix, and is the product of (Resource) (Transport) (Conversion Technology) (Transport) (End Use). 

The energy requirement per mole of hydrogen produced (37.8 kJ/mol H2) is somewhat less than for the SR process. Due to a relatively low endothermicity of the process, less than 10% of the heat of methane combustion is needed to drive the process. In addition to hydrogen as a major product, the process produces a very important byproduct clean carbon. The process does not include the WGS reaction and energy-intensive gas separation stages. A preliminary process design for a continuous methane decomposition process and its economics has been developed.7 The techno-economic assessment showed that the cost of hydrogen produced by TD of NG ( 58/1000 m3 H2, with carbon credit), was somewhat lower than that for the SR process ( 67/1000 m3 H2).7... 

El Sawy, A., Gray, D., Talib, A., and Tomlinson, G., A Techno-Economic Assessment of Recent Advances in Direct Coal Liquefaction, Sandia Contractor Report SAND86-7103 (June 1986). 

At VTT, the following issues are addressed in the present study pyrolysis of solid biomass [3, 4], hot vapour filtration, pyrolysis oil quality [5] and fuel oil specifications [6], storage and handling properties of pyrolysis oil, boiler applications [7], and techno-economic assessment of pyrolysis systems [8]. A considerable amount of work... 

Solantausta, Y., Podesser, E., Beckman, D., Ostman, A., Overend, R. P. (2000). lEA Bioenergy Task 22 Techno-economic assessments for bioenergy applications 1998-1999. Final report, Espoo VTT Energy. 241 p. (VTT Research Notes 2024). 

One platform that the lEA countries have used to help development of bioenergy applications has been the techno-economic assessments carried out during the past 20 years. An expert group has been assembled, which has developed standard procedures for the assessments. Lately the work has been carried out with industry, which typically has supplied cost data for the assessments. 

TECHNO ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT FOR BIOENERGY CONVERSION PROCESSES... 

The problem is the boundary limit of the techno-economical assessment, for example, which costs are effectively considered (see also later discussion regarding life-cycle assessment). This is a moving boundary that should be determined from the best-available-technology (BAT) and the related legislative limits on emissions. However, a more advanced concept is to consider the chemical process as a component of the environment and set the local legislative limits on emissions to values that do not decrease the biodiversity in the specific area where the process is localized. There are many problems in implementing this concept which introduces the idea that emissions from chemical production (and in general from all industrial and human activities) should have a value connected to the capacity of the environment to sustain the life (biodiversity). 

On the other hand, a distributed manufacture, based on either on-site small reforming plants or on small-size electrolyzers, would permit storage at the vehicle facility and strongly reduce the specific impact of fuel distribution and transport costs on a global techno-economic assessment. 

Milller-Langer, F., Tzimas, E., Kaltschmitt, M., Peteves, S. Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen production processes for the hydrogen economy for the short and medium term. Int J. Hydrogen Energy 32, 3797-3810 (2007)... 

Woods B, Husain H, Mujumdar AS. Techno-economic assessment of potential superheated steam drying applications. Canadian Electrical Association Report 9138U888. Montreal, 1994. 

There are many reports concerning the techno-economic assessment of lignocellulosic ethanol production costs. However, industrial lignocellulosic ethanol production... 

As a technical manager or process engineer or operator, you may have already acquired some good ideas for improving your plant and process unit. However, it is not an easy feat to persuade the technical committee to consider your ideas and then proceed to accept and evenmaUy implement them. I have observed many good ideas that have died in the infancy stage because they could not pass the evaluation gates. Such failure is commonly due to a lack of techno-economic assessment and communications. Remember, it is always necessary to sell your ideas to key stakeholders. 

Mitchell CP, Bridgwater AV, Stevens DJ, Toft AJ, Watters MP. Techno-economic assessment of biomass to energy. Biomass Bioenergy 1995 9(1) 205—26. 

Mock P and Schmid S A (2009), Fuel cells for automotive powertrains - A techno-economic assessment,/owmaf of Power Sources, 190,133-140. 

Gazzani, M., Turi, D. M., Manzolini, G. (2014). Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen selective membranes for CO2 capture in integrated gasification combined cycle. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 20, 293—309. http //dx.doi.0rg/lO.lOl6/ j.ijggc.2013.11.006. 

Mock, P. and S. A. Schmid. 2009. Fuel cells for automotive powertrains—A techno-economic assessment. /. Power Sources 190 133-140. 

T. Mezher, H. Fath, Z. Abbas, A. Khaled, Techno-economic assessment and environmental impacts of desalination technologies. Desalination 266 (2011) 263. 

---