Sutures, colorants

No coloi additive oi product containing one can be used in the aiea of the eye, in surgical sutures, or in injections, unless so stated. Also, no colorant can be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under Section 401 of the Federal Food, Dmg, and Cosmetic Act, unless the use of added color is authorized by the standard. Colorants without restrictions can be used for coloring foods generally, in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice. 

No color additive or product containing one can be used iu the area of the eye, iu surgical sutures, or iujections unless so stated. Colorants without restrictions can be used for coloring cosmetics generally, iu amounts consistent with good manufacturiag practice. 

Color additives are routinely added to medical devices such as surgical sutures, surgical cements, and contact lenses (32). Sutures are usually colored to make them more visible during survery and, depending on the appHcation, during removal of the suture after the sutured area has healed. Surgical cements, too, are colored to make them more visible during use (Table 4). 

Use Restrictions. There are numerous restrictions on the use of color additives. They caimot, for example, be employed to deceive the pubHc by adding weight or bulk to a product or by hiding quaUty. In addition, special permission is needed to use colorants or products containing them in the area of the eyes, in injections, in surgical sutures, and in foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under Section 401 of the Eederal Eood, Dmg, and Cosmetic Act. 

Maximum working-solution capacity, 14 46 Maximum work obtainable, for a change of state involving mixtures, 24 690-692 Maxixe beryl, color, 7 337 Maxon sutures, 24 222 Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, silicon-based semiconductors and, 22 235, 236, 238... 

Sutures are sold and packaged with specific needles already threaded and the sutures already cut top length. They can be colored (dyed) or clear and coated or uncoated. Black-colored sutures are typical in instances where ready identification of the suture is important, e.g., internal surgery. Other coatings can also be applied that make the surface smoother or give the surface some therapeutic activity. 

Most suture material is colorless. Why is color added ... 

Fig. 19 Nitroblue tetrazolium stained heart sections of rabbits with acute myocardial infarction treated with PL (left panel), saline placebo (middle panel) and IL (right panel). The sites of left circumflex coronary artery occlusion can be seen in the middle and right panels to be at the 4th slices by the presence of the silk sutures. Normal myocardium is stained purple or brown, whereas the infarcted regions remain as light colored regions.

Comments Indigo carmine is an indigoid dye used to color oral and topical pharmaceutical preparations. It is used with yellow colors to produce green colors. Indigo carmine is also used to color nylon surgical sutures and is used diagnostically as a 0.8% w/v injection. 

Fig. 3. Development of murine skull vault. (A) Schematic diagram of adult skull showing neural crest contribution in blue (after Jiang et al., 2002). (B, C) Distribution of neural crest cells at E12.5 (lateral view B) and E16.5 (dorsal view C). (D, E) Distribution of differentiated osteoblasts at E12.5 (D) and E16.5 (E). Abbreviations a, alisphenoid c, coronal suture F, frontal m, metopic (frontal) suture N, nasal nc, nasal cartilage P, parietal IP, interparietal S, squamosal SS, sagittal suture. (See Color Insert.)...

Figure 2 (See color insert) The scleral incision to place the implant into the vitreous is at the pars plana. Note the crossed suture securing the incision below the conjunctiva.

USE As dye in a functional kidney test in coloring nylon surgical sutures. As a reagent for the detection of nitrate, chlorate, and in testing milk. Approved by the FDA fnr use in food and ingested drugs Fed. Regist 48, 5252 (1982). 

The list of dyes allowed by the FDA for human use is not large (see http //www.fda. gov/ForIndustry/ColorAdditives/ColorAdditiveInventories/ucml 15641. htm). Only FD C Blue No. 2 (indigo carmine) is on the approved list, although it is broadly approved for general use as a dye for food, cosmetics, and drugs and in medical devices, to color sutures (Scheme 5). 

Storage Store in cool, dry place keep container closed when not in use Uses Dye for wool, silk, polyamide, paper, stains, and soap colorant in hair dyes, nylon sutures... 

Properties Blue-green pigment Toxicology Inh. of chromium dust can cause irritation and ulceration ingestion results in violent gastrointestinal irritation applic. to skin may result in allergic reaction Uses Colorant for polyethylene sutures (pharmacy)... 

Classification Anthraquinone color Empirical C28H2oN2Na208S2 Formula C28H20N2O8S2 2Na Properties M.w. 622.57 Toxicology TSCA listed Uses Colorant in cosmetics, surgical sutures Manuf./Distrib. Aldrich http //www.sigma-aldrich.com... 

Uses Colorant in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals (FDA delisted) colorant for surgical sutures... 

CAS 4403-90-1 EINECS/ELINCS 224-546-6 Synonyms Acid green 25 Alizarine cyanine green F Cl 61570 2,2 -[(9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1,4-anthracenediyl) diimino] bis (5-methyl) benzenesulfonic acid disodium salt Classification Anthraquinone color Empirical C28H2oN2Na20sS2 Formula C28H20N2O8S2 2Na Properties Dullish blue-gm. m.w. 622.57 Toxicology Low skin toxicity may cause skin irritation and sensitivity TSCA listed Uses Colorant for pharmaceuticals and surgical sutures Use Level 0.6% max. (sutures)... 

Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 3660 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing. eye irritant TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses Colorant in external cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, surgical sutures, haptics,... 

Uses Colorant in external cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, sun tan oils colorant for absorbable sutures, polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lens haptics, absorbable meniscal tacks made from poly (L-lactic acid)... 

Uses Colorant in cosmetics, surgical sutures dye for cotton textile dyeing and printing inks mfg. of indigo derivs., paints, analytical reagents... 

HMIS Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage Deliq. hygroscopic light-sensitive Uses Blueprint photography feed additive foods (anticaking agent, dietary supplement, nutrient, infant formulas) medicine colorant for surgical sutures... 

Uses Colorant in surgical sutures astringent, antimicrobial in cosmetics... 

Solvent violet 13 Solvent violet 36 Solvent yellow 93 Solvent yellow 160 colorant, PE sutures Chromium-cobalt-aluminum oxide colorant, perfumes Chlorophyll... 

In patients with corporeal plication ultrasonography shows small lumps next to the albugineal sutures extending within the corpora cavernosa (Bertolotto et al. 2005). In patients with normal erection before surgery after shortening procedures, postoperative erectile dysfunction is uncommon. When present, color Doppler interrogation allows evaluation of the penile arteries and identification of leakage pathways. 

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