Surfactants wool scouring

In wool-scouring systems for textile processing that contain nonionic surfactants, sodium chloride acts as a tme builder, ie, detergency promoter. 

Raw wool scouring Liquid at operating temperature Very gentle High Organic surfactant... 

Uses Surfactant for agric. prods., dairy cleaning, hard surf, cleaners, leather tanning, wool scouring... 

Uses Dispersant and wetting agent, emulsifier and detergent in degreasers and cutting oiis wool scouring intermediate for prod, of surfactants by sulfation or... 

Sherrard, K. B., P. J. Marriott, M. J. McCormick, R. Colton, G. Smith, Electrospray MS analysis and photocatalytic degradation of polyethoxylate surfactants used in wool scouring. Anal. Chem., 1994,66, 3394-3399. 

Steel wool scouring pads normally contain soap, with perhaps a small amount of another anionic or nonionic surfactant present. 

It has been claimed that complexes of P-cyclodextrin with anionic surfactants, notably higher fatty alcohol ethoxylates, improve scouring efficiency on cotton and wool in laboratory-scale processing [34]. Residual surfactants carried over from preparation can have undesirable effects in subsequent processing. When cyclodextrins complex with surfactants, their surface activity is reduced. Hence cyclodextrins are potentially useful for the removal of residual amounts of surfactants from substrates [35]. The use of a- and P-cyclodextrins has been studied in this context with one cationic, one anionic and four... 

Aqueous scouring is expensive in terms of water use and effluent treatment and it can cause entanglement of delicate wool fibres. Solvent scouring offers an effective alternative but it is essential that the solvent does not enter the environment. Earlier solvent-based processes included the use of perchloroethylene in which 8-18% water had been emulsified with a surfactant. Current processes are based on hexane (de Smet process), 1,1,1-... 

Other coco-based surfactants are sulfosuccinates formed by the reaction of coco fatty alcohol with maleic anhydride and further reaction with sodium sulfite or bisulfite. This product possesses good foaming properties, is compatible with soap, and is a good lime dispersant. It is used in toilet soap formulation, shampoos, hand cleaning pastes, and for scouring raw wool. Its ether variant, with 2-4 moles ethylene oxide, forms intense, finely structured foam and is used in combination with ether sulfate in baby shampoos and bath preparations. 

Amphoteric surfactants offer an excellent degree of lubrication, corrosion inhibitor, and wetting action and provide a protective colloid for silk and wool processing. The major uses of amphoterics are in the scouring and dyeing of protein fibres to prevent chafing, crack marks and crow s feet. Amphoterics are comparatively expensive and some of them are not heat stable and hence cannot be used at elevated temperature. 

Polyester/wool blends are very popular, the most common blend ratios are 55 45 and 70 30 polyester wool. Polyester rich blends are normally constructed from a texturised polyester fibre warp and 55 45 polyester wool weft yams. The 20 80 polyester/wool is woven from 55 45 warp and a pure weft yam. Worsted polyester/wool blend yams may contain 2.5 - 3% solvent extractable oil, compared with 3.5- 5% for similar all wool yams. The oils have much greater affinity for polyester fibre than wool and after normal piece scouring, the blends contain residual oil content of 0.6 - 1.2% compared with 0.3% for wool. Oxidation of combing oil is influenced by exposure to light which should be avoided before scouring. Addition of surfactant to combing oil improves the scourability of the blend fabric [75]. 

Uses Surfactant and leveling agent for one-bath scour/dye of wool or nylon emulsifier dispersant for dyestuffs Features Prevents residual oil, wax from sticking Properties Brn. transparent vise, liq, easily sol. in hot water pH (5%) 8 Use Level 1-3%... 

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