Surfactants docusate sodium

Electrolytes, e.g. 3% sodium chloride, added to aqueous solutions of docusate sodium can cause turbidity. However, docusate sodium possesses greater tolerance to calcium, magnesium, and other polyvalent ions than do some other surfactants. Docusate sodium is incompatible with acids at pH <1 and with alkalis at pH >10. 

The 80-year-old client with diverticulosis is prescribed the stool surfactant docusate sodium (Colace). Which assessment data indicate the medication is effective ... 

Docusate sodium Surfactant Sodium starch glycolate Tablet disintegrant... 

Effect of Demulsifier Mixture. In previous studies (27) Duo-meen C, which was effective in causing flocculation of the water droplets, was not very effective in breaking the interfacial film formed between the water droplets, which inhibits coalescence. (Duomeen C is a mixture of many types of surfactants the general classification is a fatty acid ester nitrogen derivative.) However, Duomeen C in combination with docusate sodium (Aerosol OT), a hydrophilic surfactant, was much more effective in causing water separation compared to the individual chemicals. This effect is shown in Figure 16 for a 6 vol% water-in-oil (Leduc crude) emulsion in which both the UVP signal (20 min after chemical addition) and the volume... 

The wetting agent, polysorbate 80 (not more than 0.1-0.2% w/v of the final concentration), is dissolved in approximately half the final volume of aqueous vehicle. An anionic surfactant, such as Docusate Sodium USP, may be used as a wetting agent. This agent is, however, sensitive to pH and electrolyte concentration. 

Docusate sodium and docusate salts are widely used as anionic surfactants in pharmaceutical formulations. Docusate sodium is mainly used in capsule and direct-compression tablet formulations to assist in wetting and dissolution. Docusate salts are also used in oral formulations as laxatives and fecal softeners see Table I. 

Docusate sodium is an anionic surfactant that lowers the surface tension of the intestinal contents, allowing fluid and fat to penetrate, emulsify and soften faecal material for easier elimination. Evacuation is achieved without straining. It is also thought to be a stimulant similar to the anthraquinones. A laxative effect usually occurs within 1-3 days. 

Surface active agents are thought to act on the mid-piece and tail of the sperm cells, directly affecting the cell s lipid bilayer, which provides protection to the surface of the cell. By affecting the membranes, they cause the sperm cells to lose motility and to alter their permeability. Nonionic surfactants nonoxynol-9 and octoxynol are approved by the FDA for use as spermicides in humans. In some countries, cationic benzalkonium chloride and anionic docusate sodium are also used for contraception [63]. 

Adekanate B-556 Ceteareth-15 Demol MS Lipocol HCO-40 Lipocol HCO-60 LIpocol 0-3 PEG-200 trihydroxystearin Polysorbate 60 Steareth-30 Sur-factol 318 Surfactol 365 surfactant, ear wax removal DIoctyl calcium sulfosuccinate Docusate Sodium USP in Polyethylene Glycol 400 NF... 

BurcoquatTS-15 surfactent, stool softeners Dioctyl calcium sulfosuccinate Docusate Sodium USP in Polyethylene Glycol 400 NF... 

The head groups of these surfactant molecules are negatively charged. The most widely used anionic surfactants are those containing carboxylate groups, such as soaps, sulfonate, and sulfate ions Soaps, which are salts of weak carboxylic acids, are formed by the hydrolysis of fats (triglycerides) by sodium hydroxide. Sulfonates, such as sodium docusate and decane sulfonate, have been widel used in pharmaceutical systems. The most popular alkyl sulfate is sodium lauryl sulfate, which is... 

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