Surface treatment aluminum

Steel plate with various surface treatments, aluminum parts, plastics... 

Uses. Alkah metal and ammonium fluoroborates are used mainly for the high temperature fluxing action required by the metals processing industries (see Metal surface treatments Welding). The tendency toward BF dissociation at elevated temperatures inhibits oxidation in magnesium casting and aluminum alloy heat treatment. 

Fluorotitanic acid is used as a metal surface cleaning agent, as a catalyst, and as an aluminum finishing solvent (see Metal surface treatments). Fluorotitanates are used in abrasive grinding wheels and for incorporating titanium into aluminum aHoys (see Abrasives Aluminumand aluminum alloys). 

This conversion is normally accompHshed by immersion, but spraying, swabbing, bmshing, and electrolytic methods are also employed (178) (see Metal SURFACE treatments). The metals that benefit from chromium surface conversion are aluminum, cadmium, copper, magnesium, silver, and 2inc. Zinc is the largest consumer of chromium conversion baths, and more formulations are developed for 2inc than for any other metal. 

CAA. Chromic acid anodization [74-76]. was developed initially as a treatment to improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum surfaces, but it is also used as a surface treatment for adhesive bonding especially in Europe where it is used extensively in aerospace applieations [29,77],... 

In-service issues. As mentioned previously, many early service failures of bonded structure were due to adherend surface treatments that were unstable in long-term exposure to water. A majority of these problems were resolved by the adoption of surface treatments such as chromic and phosphoric acid anodize for aluminum details. The remaining few were alleviated by the adoption of phosphoric acid anodized honeycomb core and foaming adhesives resistant to water passage. Other service durability issues such as the cracking of brittle potting compound used to seal honeycomb sandwich assemblies, and subsequent delamination, have been minor in scope. 

D. L. Cocke, O. J. Murphy, S. M. Kormali, and D. Halverston, in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Aluminum Surface Treatment Technology, Proceedings Vol. 86-11, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, New Jersey, 1986, p. 418. 

Alzak A method for electropolishing aluminum, using fluoroboric acid. Developed by The Aluminum Company of America. See also metal surface treatment. 

Calorising Also spelled Calorizing. A proprietary process for protecting the surface of iron or steel by applying a layer of aluminum. Several methods of application may be used dipping, spraying, or chemical reaction with aluminum chloride. See also metal surface treatment. 

Juratka A process for forming a protective oxide film on aluminum. See also Alzac, metal surface treatment. 

Other materials such as gold (< = 4.9 eV), aluminum (< = 4.2 eV), indium-doped zinc oxide, magnesium indium oxide, nickel tungsten oxide, or other transparent conductive oxide materials, have been studied as anodes in OLEDs. Furthermore, the WF of ITO can be varied by surface treatments such as application of a very thin layer of Au, Pt, Pd, or C, acid or base treatments, self-assembly of active surface molecules, or plasma treatment. 

Aluminum-deficient Y zeolites prepared by reacting Y zeolites with SiCl vapors at 500°C also showed an enrichment of the surface in aluminum (44). The X-ray data show a shift of diffraction peaks to higher 20 values, consistent with a more silicious framework (27). However, the X-ray pattern also indicates some structural differences between this material and the one prepared by the steam/acid treatment. 

McGrath, in Aluminum Surface Treatment Technology (Eds R. S. Alwitt and... 

Wernick, S. and Pinner, R. In "Surface Treatment of Aluminum" Draper, Robert, Ed, Teddington,... 

Diwanji, A.P. and Hall, I.M. (1992). Fiber and fiber-surface treatment effects in carbon-aluminum metal matrix composites. J. Mater. Sci. 27, 2093-2100. 

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