Sulfur global atmospheric budget

The production of volatile reduced sulfur compounds in marine ecosystems and the subsequent efflux of these compounds to the marine atmospheric boundary layer is an important source of sulfur to the global atmosphere (1). Independent of its role in the atmospheric sulfur budget, Charlson et al. (2) have suggested that dimethylsulfide (DMS) also plays a major role in cloud formation over oceans. Oxidation products of DMS appear to serve as sites for cloud nucleation. 

DMS emission fluxes from Antarctic inshore waters may be important for the tropospheric sulfur budget of Antarctica during summer. The contribution of the Southern Ocean to the global atmospheric sulfur budget (ca. 0.2 Tmol yr1) is consistent with present estimates of the total global DMS emission from the world s oceans (0.5-1.2 Tmol yr1). 

THE SULFUR BUDGET OF THE OCEANIC GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE (1980) TOTAL MASS OF SULFUR 0.765 Tg RESIDENCE TIME 1.0 Day... 

THE SULFUR BUDGET OF THE GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE. PREINDUSTRIAL ERA - OCEANIC PART ... 

Global sedimentary budget. Finally, on a global scale, we point to an interesting model by Berner and Canfield (1989), which took as a given an organic carbon and reduced sulfur concentration of sediments of different type (nearshore sands, offshore clays, abyssal clays, etc.). In this view, a net source or sink of O2 to the atmosphere could be driven by rearrangement of the sedimentary rock mass of the Earth, from abyssal clays to nearshore clays, for example. 

Table 10-17 includes a global atmospheric sulfur budget based on the emission estimates discussed in this chapter and the flux diagrams shown in Figs. 10-8 and 10-9. The marine budget of 36 Tg S/yr supplied by the biosphere must be augmented by about 6.8 Tg S/yr from anthropogenic sources. In addition, about one-half of the sulfur from volcanic emissions... 

Andreae, M. O., W. R. Barnard, and J. M. Ammons (1983). The biological production of dimethyl sulfide in the ocean and its role in the global atmospheric sulfur budget. In Environmental Biochemistry , (R. Hallberg, ed.), Ecol Bull. (Stockholm) 35, 167-177. 

Berresheim H. and W. Jaeschke (1983) The contribution of volcanoes to the global atmospheric sulfur budget. Journal of Geophysical Research 88, 3732-3740... 

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