Suitability for Surface Treatments

Aluminium surface treatments can serve several pmposes, including (see Chapter B.5) 

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Surface modification of wood is a noteworthy new technique of wood improvement in which only surfaces are treated. The inner parts of the wood are unmodified and as a result retain their inherent properties. Of course, less chemical is needed to modify only the surfaces of wood compared to bulk modification. Vapor phase reactions are particularly suitable for surface treatments. This could reduce the amount of reagents required for modification and make the removal of unreacted reagent easier, thereby reducing treatment costs. 

When a substance in its gaseous phase absorbs enough energy, the outermost electrons in the atoms will escape (including textiles), leading to various ehemieal fusions and fissions. These effects can alter the surfaee structure of textiles hence plasma is suitable for surface treatment. Sinee only the surface strueture of materials is altered by plasma, the substrate eharaeteristies of textiles will not be affeeted. Also, as small amount of plasma is enough to produee profound effeet and one set of equipment can accommodate to... 

A 50 percent active QAC antistatic agent solution with out-stamding performance suitable for surface treatment of polymers used in electronic parts packaging. 

Improves creep resistance Makes welding very difficult Forming is possible in soft tempers or immediately after quenching Good suitability for surface treatments 2030... 

The use to which the machine will be put has a bearing on its choice. If it is used for sheets, films, or surface treatment, where only modest penetration, is called for, a low voltage machine, such as the ICT, is suitable. If greater penetration is necessary, a higher voltage machine is needed, and the choice is between the resonant transformer and the Dynamitron. For surface treatment, an ultraviolet light might be sufficient. This is created when an electric arc passes between electrodes separated by gas or vapor. There are two main classes of arcs open, such as the carbon arc, and closed as the various vapor lamps. 

Another useful coating technique is based on plasma treatments that can change the properties of the textile surface radically. Hot plasma treatments are mainly used for the modification of materials that are stable at high temperature such as metals and ceramics and therefore are not suitable for the treatment of polymer-based materials such as textiles. However, cold plasma treatments can be carried out at temperatures ranging from ambient up to 100 °C and can be used for the treatment of textile like materials. These treatments are basically of two types plasma treatments with... 

Sodium etching is an extreme treatment technique that is suitable for surfaces that are very difficult to treat. Examples include fluoropolymers and thermoplastic polyesters. 

When carbon fibers were introduced in a continuous form, anodic oxidation became the favoured route for surface treatment, using the conductive property of carbon fiber to act as an anode in a suitable electrolyte bath. A potential is applied to the fiber, sufficient to liberate O2 on the surface. The typical equipment used in this process is described in ChapterlO, Section 10.14. 

Since light absorption is limited in tissue penetration, PDT is suitable for the treatment of surface tumors like melanoma, or on the lining of internal organs such as the lungs or esophagus cancer. The technique is still limited to large tumors. 

Possible water sources for injection are sea water, fresh surface water, produced water or aquifer water (not from the producing reservoir). Once it has been established that there is enough water to meet demand (not an issue in the case of sea water), it is important to determine what type of treatment is required to make the water suitable for injection. This is investigated by performing laboratory tests on representative water samples. 

We therefore felt it timely to attempt a critical exposition and assessment of the common methods for the evaluation of the surface area and pore size distribution of solids from adsorption measurements. Our main concern has therefore been with the use of adsorption data for these purposes rather than with adsorption per se and it is for this reason that our treatment of theoretical matters, whilst sufficiently detailed to bring out the nature of the assumptions underlying the various methods, is not exhaustive we have not set out to write a text-book or a treatise on adsorption, and our choice of material from the literature has been dictated solely by its seeming suitability for the explanation or illustration of the topic under discussion. 

Bonding. Surface treatment, such as chemical etch, corona, or flame treatments, is required for adhesive bonding of Tefzel. Polyester and epoxy compounds are suitable adhesives. 

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