Resonant transformer

Sample 250-pm compression-molded films of Teflon PFA 340 from G.E. resonance transformer 2 MeV capacity, at a current of 1 m A. 

A radiation dose of 1 kw. could irradiate about 795 pounds per hour of any material to a dose level of 1 Mrad at 100% efficiency. The power efficiency of the different machines varies from a low of 15% for a Van de Graaff accelerator or resonant transformer to 90% for an insulating core transformer. On the other hand, the Van de Graaff accelerator, being a d.c. machine, can be precisely controlled and adjusted, which is important for research and development. The resonant transformer, Dynamitron, and ICT are less precise, but they have lower operating costs and higher output power, making them more suitable for production purposes. 

The use to which the machine will be put has a bearing on its choice. If it is used for sheets, films, or surface treatment, where only modest penetration, is called for, a low voltage machine, such as the ICT, is suitable. If greater penetration is necessary, a higher voltage machine is needed, and the choice is between the resonant transformer and the Dynamitron. For surface treatment, an ultraviolet light might be sufficient. This is created when an electric arc passes between electrodes separated by gas or vapor. There are two main classes of arcs open, such as the carbon arc, and closed as the various vapor lamps. 

As described in the previous chapter, in the work on electrolytic polymerization which has appeared in the literature, the active species were formed by an electrode reaction from the compounds added to the reaction system and thus initiated polymerization. However, the possibility has been considered of direct electron transfer from the cathode to monomer or from monomer to the anode forming radical-anion or -cation, followed by initiating polymerization. Polymerization of styrene initiated by an electron has been observed when the monomer was exposed to the electric discharge of a Tesla coil (74), y-radiation (75, 16) and to cathode rays from a generator of the resonant transformer type (77). 

As opposed to the KAM-type transformation eeW, the transformation Ri is not close to the identity. It is named rotating wave transformation (RWT) (or equivalently resonant transformation) in contrast with the usual RWA for which... 

The metal acetates were commercial reagent grade materials. Single crystals, where used, were grown from saturated aqueous solutions of the salts. Trapped radicals were produced by irradiation with the 1-Mev. beam of a General Electric resonant transformer, and crystals could be irradiated at 77 °K. and observed at that temperature. 

The resonance structure count (RSC) in general involves a procedure for calculating the correct number of contributing resonance structures without actually writing them all down. We will not detail this procedure here. Once the procedure is completed, the resonance energy is calculated as the sum of four types of resonance transformations, which relate each resonance structure to another ... 

The earlier types of electrical accelerating machines such as the Van de Graaff, the Capacitron, the Resonant Transformer, and the Linear Accelerator have been supplemented by two new types, the Insulated Core Transformer and the Dynamitron. 

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