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Suffixes naming ketones

The classes listed in Table 1-12 are families which exhibit the same regularity of boiling points, melting points, densities, and other properties seen in the hydrocarbon families we have already studied. Some of the families are named with characteristic suffixes while others have prefixes, or even separate words-in the names. For instance, alcohols are named with the suffix -ol. Ketones are named with the suffix -one. Amine and nitriles are named with the full suffix according to the family name. Ethers and halides usually have the full family name as a separate word, and nitro- and organometallic compounds have the prefix nitro- or the prefix corresponding to the hydrocarbon part of the organometallic molecule. [Pg.35]

The IUPAC rules for naming ketones append the suffix -one to the parent name. The position of the ketone carbon is indicated by a locant number. Figure 11.37 gives three nomenclature examples of ketones. The simplest ketone, propanone, is commonly known as acetone. Acetone is an excellent solvent for most organic compounds and is the main ingredient in fingernail polish remover. Acetone is one of the ketone bodies that build up in the bloodstream from excessive metabolism of fats. Because ketones typically have a sweet taste and odor, this can give a patient with ketosis a characteristic acetone breath. ... [Pg.300]

To name ketones, the longest chain containing the carbonyl carbon is again chosen as the parent. This chain is numbered so that the carbonyl carbon has the lowest possible number, and the suffix -one is used. Common names ate also encountered occasionally. [Pg.474]

The rules for naming ketones in the I.U.P.A.C. Nomenclature System are directly analogous to those for naming aldehydes. In ketones, however, the -e ending of the parent alkane is replaced with the -one suffix of the ketone family, and the location of the carbonyl carbon is indicated with a number. The longest carbon chain is numbered to give the carbonyl carbon the lowest possible number. For example. [Pg.397]

In the lUPAC system, we name ketones by selecting the longest chain that contains the carbonyl group and making that chain the parent alkane. We indicate the presence of the ketone by changing the suffix from -e to -one (Section 3.5). We number the parent chain from the direction that gives the carbonyl carbon the smaller number. The lUPAC system retains the common names acetophenone and benzophenone ... [Pg.418]

Ketones. Acyclic ketones are named (1) by adding the suffix -one to the name of the hydrocarbon forming the principal chain or (2) by citing the names of the radicals R and R followed... [Pg.32]

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal -e of the corresponding alkane name with -one. The parent chain is the longest one that contains the ketone group, and the numbering begins at the end nearer the carbonyl carbon. As with alkenes (Section 6.3) and alcohols (Section 17.1), the locant is placed before the parent name in older rules but before the suffix in newer IUPAC recommendations. For example ... [Pg.697]

Although a polyfunctional organic molecule might contain several different functional groups, we must choose just one suffix for nomenclature purposes. It s not correct to use two suffixes. Thus, keto ester 1 must be named either as a ketone with an -one suffix or as an ester with an -oate suffix but can t be named as an -onoate. Similarly, amino alcohol 2 must be named either as an alcohol (-0/) or as an amine (-amine) but can t be named as an -olamine or -anritiol. [Pg.1226]

The second compound above raises an important issue how do you name the functional group when you have two functional groups in a compound One will go in the suffix of the name and the other will be a prefix in the substituent part of the name. But how do we choose which one goes as the suffix of the name There is a hierarchy that needs to be followed. The six groups shown above are listed according to their hierarchy, so a carboxylic acid takes precedence over an alcohol. A compound with both of these groups is named as a ketone and we put the term hydroxy in the substituent part of the name. [Pg.85]

Step 2 If there is one ketone group, replace the -e at the end of the name of the parent alkane with -one. If there is more than one ketone group, keep the -e suffix and add a suffix such as -dione or -trione. [Pg.36]

The carbonyl group in glucose and ribose is an aldehyde such compounds are termed aldoses. Fructose, by contrast, has a ketone group and is therefore classified as a ketose. Glucose could also be termed an aldohexose and fructose a ketohexose, whereas ribose would be an aldopentose, names which indicate both the number of carbons and the nature of the carbonyl group. Another aspeet of nomenclature is the use of the suffix -ulose to indicate a ketose. Fructose could thus be referred to as a hexulose, though we are more likely to see this suffix in the names of specific sugars, e.g. ribulose is a ketose isomer of the aldose ribose. [Pg.464]

The suffix -one is also used to name classes other than ketones. For instance, the lactones and the lactams, which are heterocyclic systems, can be named by adding the suffix -one to the name of the corresponding heterocycle. Specific suflBxes -olactone and -olactam may also be used in simple cases. [Pg.90]

Common names use the names of R or Ar as separate words, along with the word ketone. The lUPAC system replaces the -e of the name of the longest chain by the suffix -one. [Pg.315]

Ketones. Acyclic ketones are named (1) by adding the suffix -one to the name of the hydrocarbon forming the principal chain or (2) by citing the names of the radicals R1 and R2 followed by the word ketone. In addition to the preceding nomenclature, acyclic monoacyl derivatives of cyclic compounds may be named (3) by prefixing the name of the acyl group to the name of the cyclic compound. For example,... [Pg.36]

Most of the compounds that you have encountered in this text so far have been fairly simple. In addition to any carbon-carbon double or triple bonds, they have contained only one functional group and could be named by using suffixes such as -ynol or -dienone. However, for a compound that contains more than one heteroatom functional group, only one of these functional groups can be designated in the suffix. For example, consider the following compound, which has both alcohol and ketone functional groups ... [Pg.491]

Ketones have the carbonyl group attached to an interior carbon atom of an organic compound. The carbonyl group gives the molecular polarity, thus many ketones are used as solvents. In the naming of ketones, you need to replace the ending of the molecule with the suffix -one. A number is used to indicate the position of the carbonyl group in the molecule. [Pg.469]

Some ketones have historical common names. Dimethyl ketone is always called acetone, and alkyl phenyl ketones are usually named as the acyl group followed by the suffix -phenone. [Pg.819]


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