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Sublingual area

The activity of the salivary glands means that the oral mucosal surfaces are constantly washed by a stream of saliva, approximately 0.5-2 L per day. The sublingual area, in particular, is exposed to a lot of saliva which can enhance drag dissolution and therefore increase bioavailability. However, there are also negative aspects for drag delivery associated with salivary flow, including ... [Pg.173]

The limitations of the buccal and sublingual routes include the requirement for successful candidates to possess high thermodynamic activities, the restrictive size of the buccal pouch and sublingual area, and the concern over the palatability and local irritation by the compound. [Pg.946]

Its contract manufacturing is categorized in two different areas (i) topical compositions, which resemble traditional creams, lotions, and ointments in appearance and use, and (ii) liquid compositions that can be absorbed sublingually, nasal spray products, or liquid ingestion products. [Pg.260]

The sublingual surface area is relatively small but has a rich blood supply. The major advantage of this route is avoidance of intestinal destruction and hepatic first pass metabolism. However, absorption can be highly variable critical factors are the residence time of the drug in the mouth and saliva flow. Premature swallowing or excessive saliva production preclude efficient absorption. Nitroglycerin, nifedipine, propranolol, and buprenorphine are all available as sublingual preparations. Rectal... [Pg.35]

Keratinized epithelium is dehydrated, mechanically tough and chemically resistant. It is found in areas of the oral cavity subject to mechanical stress such as the mucosa of the gingiva (gums) and hard palate (roof of mouth). Non-keratinized epithelium is relatively flexible and is found in areas such as the soft palate, the floor of the mouth, the lips and the cheeks. Thus the regions of the oral cavity pertinent to drag delivery (i.e. the sublingual and buccal regions) have a non-keratinized epithelium. [Pg.169]

Advantages are that quick effect is obtained, e.g. with glyceryl trinitrate as an aerosol spray, or as sublingual tablets which can be chewed, giving greater surface area for solution. Spitting out the tablet will terminate the effect. [Pg.107]

The term mucoadhesion is commonly used to describe an interaction between the mucin layer, which lines the entire GI tract, and a bioadhesive polymer, which could be natural or synthetic in origin.From the oral delivery standpoint, these systems are used to immobilize and localize a drug delivery device in the selected regions of the GI tract, which could be an oral cavity (buccal and sublingual routes), the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, or colon (oral route). For the most part, research in this area has focused on the design of polymeric micro- and nanoparticulate systems that use hydrophilic polymers, primarily due to their propensity to interact with the mucosal surface. ... [Pg.1253]

Sublingual medications are administered under the tongue. Buccal medications are administered between the cheek and the gum. Both routes absorb medication quickly into the circulatory system because there is a vast network of capillaries beneath the thin layer of epithelium tissue in those areas. [Pg.60]

The oral mucosa can be divided into a non-keratinized area consisting of the floor of the mouth (sublingual), the buccal mucosa (cheeks), and a keratinized area com-... [Pg.1379]

Apomorphine is administered sublingually and affects cerebral dopaminerge areas. This aids sexual stimulation and erection. Side effects comprise nausea, yawning and tiredness. The product has not found extensive use and efficiency parameters are a matter of discussion. Yohimbin is taken over 2-3 months and effect evolves after 2-3 weeks of treatment. This drug is a vasodilator with general effects and drops in blood pressure is the predominant side effect. These two drugs are not widely used after the appearance of efficient oral treatment with little or no side effects. [Pg.264]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.190 ]




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