Stress proteins synthesis

Low-Friedrich, I. Schoeppe, W. (1991). Effects of calcium channel blockers on stress protein synthesis in cardiac myocytes. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 17,800-806. 

Hofmann, G.E., and G.N. Somero (1996a). Protein ubiquitination and stress protein synthesis in Mytilus trossulus occurs during recovery from tidal emersion. Mol. Mar. Biol. Biotech. 5 175-184. 

Brassinosteroids (BSs) represent a new group of plant hormones that possess a broad spectrum of physiological activities (1,2). A most Intriguing property of BSs Is their capacity to Increase stress resistance In plants, but the mechanism of such an antistress activity still remains unknown (1). As cell stress resistance Is usually associated with stress protein synthesis (3 4) our aim was to study the BS effect on protein synthesis and ultrastructure of wheat leaf cells at normal temperature and under heat shock conditions. We have also studied the Influence of BSs on mesophyll cell ultrastructure under saline stress. 

Fernandez, F.,Jannatipour, M., Heilman, U., Rokeach, L., and Parodi, A. J. (1996). A new stress protein Synthesis of Schizosaccharomyces pombe UDP-Glc glycoprotein glucosyltransferase mRNA is induced under stress conditions but the enzyme is not essential for cell viability. EMBO J. 15, 705-713. 

The proximal mechanism for induction of stress protein synthesis leading to the activation of HSF and gene activation is not completely understood, but evidence for several possibilities exists. Activation of HSF by prooxidants does not result in the accumulation of specific stress proteins (Bruce et al. 1993). These results suggest that induction of stress proteins by specific metals, whose toxicity is mediated via oxidative damage to membranes or DNA, may be fundamentally different from that of the heat-induced activation of the stress response (Keyse and Tyrrell 1987 Bruce et al. 1993). Thus, metals such as cadmium, mercury, nickel, arsenite, copper, lead, and iron, which induce oxygen free radicals or promote formation of lipid peroxides (Stacey and Klaassen 1981 Halliwell and Gutteridge 1984 Christie and Costa 1984 Kasprzak 1991 Donati et al. 1991), may... 

Sodium arsenite and hyperthermia both induce a similar stress response in rat embryos treated in vitro as measured by stress protein synthesis and accumulation of hsp70 mRNA and hsp72 expression, although the abnormal morphologies produced by these embryotoxic agents appear to be different (Mirkes and Cornel 1992). Studies conducted by Amaral et al. (1988) have shown that arsenite does not inhibit synthesis of constitutive, nonstress proteins as dramatically as does hyperthermic shock. Several studies have... 

Cadmium has been shown to elicit stress protein synthesis in tissues in vivo. Within 2-4 h after acute dosing of rats with cadmium, an enhanced de... 

Data generated from a study of lead-induced synthesis of stress proteins illustrated that different metals have both common and individual effects on expression of stress proteins. Lead-induced stress protein synthesis was unusual in that it did not share the properties of metals, such as cadmium and arsenite, to mimic the effects of heat (Shelton et al. 1986). Rather, lead induced two minor classes of proteins. In this study, exposure of primary rat kidney epithelial cells and rat fibroblasts to lead glutamate induced synthesis of two grps and a protein of 32 kDa, which was shown to... 

Gerner and Schneider (1975) were the first to demonstrate that heat shock induces a transient state of heat resistance in mammalian cells. Subsequent research has demonstrated that cells or embryos given a sublethal heat shock sufficient to induce hsp synthesis exhibit tolerance to an otherwise lethal heat shock (Li and Laszlo 1985 Mirkes 1987 Johnston and Kucey 1988 Riabowol et al. 1988). This phenomenon has been termed acquired thermotolerance, and is defined for the purposes of this review as selftolerance. Data from numerous studies demonstrate that the acquisition of thermotolerance is attributable to the induction and expression of stress proteins (Landry et al. 1982 Welch and Mizzen 1988). Many investigations, including those of Landry et al. (1982), Li and Werb (1982), and Lavoie et al. (1993), have demonstrated that the kinetics of thermotolerance induction and decay are correlated with stress protein synthesis and degradation, respectively. 

Carson-Jurica MA, Lee AT, Dobson AW, Conneely OM, Schrader WT, O Malley BW (1989) Interaction of the chicken progesterone receptor with heat shock protein (hsp) 90. J Steroid Biochem 34 1-9 Cervera J (1985) Induction of self-tolerance and enhanced stress protein synthesis in L-132 cells by cadmium chloride and by hyperthermia. Cell Biol Int Rep 9 131-141... 

Goering PL, Fisher BR, Kish CL (1993a) Stress protein synthesis induced in rat liver by cadmium precedes hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 122 139-148 Goering PL, Fisher BR, Kimmel CA, Kimmel GL (1993b) Stress proteins as biomarkers of toxicity. In Travis CC (ed) Use of biomarkers in assessing health and environmental impacts of chemical pollutants. Plenum, New York, pp 95-99... 

Goering PL, Kish CL, Dick SE (1993c) Stress protein synthesis induced by cadmium in rat hepatocyte primary cultures. Toxicologist 13 160 (abstract)... 

Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1984) Oxygen toxicity, oxygen radicals, transition metals and disease. Biochem J 219 1-14 Hamer DH (1986) Metallothionein. Annu Rev Biochem 55 913-951 Hamet P (1992) Abnormal hsp70 gene expression its potential key role in metabolic defects in hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol [Suppl] 20 53-59 Hansen DK, Anson JF, Hinson WG, Pipkin JL Jr (1988) Phenytoin-induced stress protein synthesis in mouse embryonic tissue. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 189 136-140... 

Low-Friedrich I, Schoeppe W (1991) Effects of calcium channel blockers on stress protein synthesis in cardiac myocytes. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 17 800-806 Maines MD (1988) Heme oxygenase function. Multiplicity, regulatory mechanisms, and clinical applications. FASEB J 2 2557-2568 Maines MD, Kappas A (1977) Metals as regulators of heme metabolism physiological and toxicological implications. Science 198 1215-1221 Maines MD, Chung A-S, Kutty RK (1982) Inhibition of testicular heme oxygenase activity by cadmium a novel cellular response. J Biochem 257 14116-14121... 

Kantengwa S, Polla BS. flavonoids, but not protein kinase C inhibitors, prevent stress protein synthesis during erythrophagocytosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991 180 308-314. 

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