Steroid cell tumor

Seidman, J. D., Abbondanzo, S. L., and Bratthauer, G. L. 1995. Lipid cell (steroid cell) tumor of the ovary Immunophenotype with analysis of potential pitfall due to endogenous biotin-like activity. Int. Gynecol. Pathol. 4 331-338. 

Deavers MT, Malpica A, Ordonez NG, et al. Ovarian steroid cell tumors An immunohistochemical study including a comparison of calretinin with inhibin. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2003 22 162-167. 

Cutwater EK, Wagner BJ, Nannion C et al (1998) Sex cord stromal and steroid cell tumors of the ovary. Radiographics 18 1523-1546... 

Young RH, Scully RE (2002). Sex cord stromal, steroid cell, and other ovarian tumors. In Kurman RJ (ed) Blaustein s pathology of the female genital tract. Springer Verlag, New York, pp 903-966... 

Soto AM, Soimenschein C. 1985. The role of estrogens on the prohferation of human breast tumor cells (MCE-7). J Steroid Biochem 23 87-94. 

Braughler, J.M., Chase, R.L., NefF, G.L., Yonkers, P.A., Day, J.S., HaU, E.D., Sethy, V.H. and Lahti, R.A. (1988). A new 21-amino steroid antioxidant lacking glucocorticoid activity stimulates ACTH secretion and blocks arachidonic acid release from mouse pituitary tumor (ArT-20) cells. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther, 244, 423-427. 

Cyclopamine also interferes with cholesterol metabolism that results in decreased cholesterol synthesis and the accumulation of late biosynthetic intermediates. Cyclopamine was evaluated as an inhibitor of multi-drug resistance in tumor cells. Intrinsic or acquired resistance of tumor cells to cytotoxic drugs is a major cause of failure of chemotherapy. Both cyclopamine and the spirosolane alkaloid tomatidine from tomatoes act as potent and elfective chemosensitizers in multidrug-resistant cells (Lavie et ah, 2001). Therefore, plant steroidal alkaloids, such as cyclopamine and tomatidine, or their analogs, may serve as chemosensitizers in combination with chemotherapy and conventional cytotoxic drugs for treating multidrug-resistant cancers. 

Progestins, steroid compounds similar to progesterone, such as hydroxyprogesterone caproate (28.3.6), medroxyprogesterone acetate (28.3.7), and megestrol acetate (28.3.7), are used for palliative treatment of breast carcinomas and renal tumors. Progestins can have a direct local effect on cells, and can simultaneously lower the quantity of leutenizing hormone. 

Aldosterone and other steroids with mineralocorticoid properties promote the reabsorption of sodium from the distal part of the distal convoluted tubule and from the cortical collecting renal tubules, loosely coupled to the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ion. Sodium reabsorption in the sweat and salivary glands, gastrointestinal mucosa, and across cell membranes in general is also increased. Excessive levels of aldosterone produced by tumors or overdosage with synthetic mineralocorticoids lead to hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, increased plasma volume, and hypertension. 

Both benign and malignant liver tumors may arise from exposure to hepatotoxins and can be derived from various cell types. Thus, adenomas have been associated with the use of contraceptive steroids and exposure to aflatoxin Bi, and dimethylnitrosamine can produce hepatocellular carcinomas, whereas vinyl chloride causes hemangiosarcomas derived from the vasculature (see chap. 7). 

The in vitro EBV-EA activation inhibition assay uses EBV genome-carrying lymphoblastoid cells (Raji cells derived from Burkitt s lymphoma). Many compounds which inhibit EBV-EA induction by tumor promoters have been demonstrated to act as inhibitors of tumor promotion in vivo [16,22,42,66-68]. This assay has an advantage since it obtaines the information on die cytotoxicity from the viability of Raji cells. High viability of these cells is an important factor in developing a compound for the chemoprevention of cancer [16]. So far, a number of triterpenoids and steroids from plants and their derivatives have been shown to possess... 

Poola, I., Koduri, S., Chatra, S., and Clarke, R. 2000. Identification of twenty alternatively spliced estrogen receptor alpha mRNAs in breast cancer cell lines and tumors using splice targeted primer approach. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 72 249-258. 

---