Stearate coating

The adsorption of gas onto a solid surface can also be used to estimate surface energy. Both inverse gas chromatography (IGC) and isotherm measurement using the BET method [19] have been used. Further discussion and detailed references are given by Lucic et al. [20] who compare the application of IGC, BET and contact angle methods for characterising the surface energies of stearate-coated calcium carbonate fillers. 

The European baking paper market is composed of around 95% greaseproof paper, of which around half is rmcoated, 10% is chromium stearate-coated, and the remainder is silicone-coated. 

Fig. 9. The effect of magnesium hydroxide filler type on the dynamic storage modulus G of polypropylene (PP) at 200 °C (strain amplitude 10%, filler level 60% by weight). Magnesium hydroxide fillers differed in origin particle size and treatment. Mean particle size (pm) type A ( ), 7.7 type B (+), 0.9 type C ( ), 4.0 type D ( ), 0.53 type E, stearate-coated version of type A, (X), 3.7 unfilled PP (O) [36]...

A recent study by Xi et al. (1998) utilized single carbon fiber instead of multiple fiber electrodes and a fast-scan voltammetry instead of chronoamperometry. An additional difference was that the rats were first trained to acquire stable rates of heroin selfadministration and then were implanted with the electrodes. Under these conditions 60% of the rats responded to self-injection of 0.06A).l mg/kg of heroin with a monophasic increase, 20% with a biphasic increase/decrease and 20% with a biphasic decrease/ increase of the electrochemical signal (Xi et al., 1998). Only monophasic increases were observed with doses of 0.2 mg/kg of heroin. Tonic monophasic increases in signal were observed also by chronoamperometry with stearate-coated electrodes in a comparative study of cocaine and amphetamine self-administration in parallel with microdialyis (Di Ciano et al., 1995). From this study, however, it appears that, although the effect of drug self-injection on dialysate DA and on the tonic voltammetric signal is qualitatively... 

Solid-Lipid Nanoparticles SLNs have been used to deliver small molecules and macromolecules such as DNA and peptides. The in vitro and in vivo applications of SLNs are reviewed elsewhere [125,126]. The stability and oral bioavailability of insulin were enhanced when administered in wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated nanoparticles [127], A polyoxyethylene stearate coat on the SLN confers stealth properties [128],... 

The primary particle size of Winnofil stearate coated precipitated calcium carbonate from Zeneca Resins is in the region of 0.075 micron. When compounded into natural and synthetic elastomers, the hydrophobic surface coating assists wetting and aids dispersion. When compounded into plasticised PVC for cable sheathing, the PCC allows for formulations with minimal potential for acid gas release in combustion conditions. In rigid PVC, stearate coated PCC has been used in compounding as an alternative to conventional acrylic processing aids and as a means to reduce impact modifier levels. 

Carbital 1 lOS, 110, 120 - high whiteness grades for PP derived from Italian marble (S stearate coating)... 

Queensfil 25, 240, 300 - footwear, latex, PE masterbatch, PA moldings, all PVC applications Polcarb S, SB, 40S, 60S (stearate coated) - cable, extrusion, PE masterbatch and film, all PVC applications, PP molding and sheeting... 

Fine Calcium Carbonates 8102, 8103, 8105, 8107 exceptionally pure calcium carbonates of different particle sizes. Also grades are manufactured with the same number symbol followed by letter C which stands for stearate coated grade... 

Ultrafine Calcium Carbonates 8.14, 8101 particle size 0.2-1.4 pm produced with (C) and without stearate coating... 

ASP072,101,102,170,200,400P, 600,602,672, NC, Buca, Catalpo - hydrous aluminum silicate, spray-dried or highly pulverized powders. ASP 101 is stearate coated and ASP NC is delaminated Santitone 5, 5HB, Special, SP-33, Whitetex - calcinated kaolins... 

Figure 5.29. Penetration rate of water through column packed with grafted and stearate coated barium sulfate. [Adapted, by permission, from TsubokawaN, Seno K,7. Macromol. Sci. A, 31, No.9, 1994, 1135-45.]...

Magnesium hydroxide PP 10-60 -27—70 64 metal stearate coating can double IS... 

Figure 8.32 shows the effect of filler type and concentration on the mode of fracture. Several factors are responsible for the behavior. CaT (calcium terephthalate) fillers have good adhesion to the matrix and have an elongated shape. CaCOs (1) and (2) are both untreated fillers of smaller particle sizes (2.2 and 4.1 (dm, respectively). CaCO (3) is a stearate coated filler (better dispersion, but poor adhesion to matrix) with a particle size of 6.1 im. The mode of fracture depends on filler concentration, the degree of adhesion to the matrix, and particle size. 

WfamofiL pClResins] Precipitated stearate-coat calcium carbonate filler, impact modifier, processing aid for theinKq>lastics and pauns. 

WinnofiL [ICI Resins] Precipitated stearate-coated calcium carbonate filler, inquict modifier, processing aid for tham(q>lastics and patnis. 

More recently, Kotek at al. studied the effects of untreated (denoted as Cl) and stearate-treated calcium carbonate particles (denoted as C2) of 1.3 p.m on the tensile properties of P-PP. Moreover, stearate-coated calcium carbonate particles of 0.075 p,m (denoted as C3) are also used (44). The p-nucleating agent employed is based on an amide of dicarboxylic acid. The critical concentration of p-nucleator needed to achieve 61% P-PP is 0.03 wt% on the basis of the XRD analysis. With further increase in the p-nucleator content to 0.1 wt% (supercritical), the p-PP content increases, but very slightly, to 65%. Furthermore, the K value also depends... 

During ram extrusion (Section 5.4.4), the molten particles are forced into contact with each other. Polyethylene chains diffuse across the particle boundaries, and, with time, a strong bond develops. The UHMWPE however retains a memory of its particle structure, especially when calcium stearate was used prior to the late 1990s—the stearate coats the particles before processing, and it makes the interfaces more visible when micro-tomed slices are examined in an optical microscope (Fig. 6.22a). There are parallels with PVC particle fusion, but it is not possible to use shear flow to disrupt the UHMWPE boundaries. 

Chert). Descrip. Stearate-coated calcium carbonate Uses Filler for water-based coatings and inks, paper, paper coatings, thermosets (glass-reinforced polyester), thermoplastics (PP, ABS), PVC pipe, siding, profiles, extrusion, film, sheeting, color cones., paint (gloss, semigloss, flat latex)... 

Lin, Y. Chen, H., Chan, C.M. Wu, J. (2011). Nucleating effect of calcium stearate coated CaC03 nanoparticles on polypropylene. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 354, pp. (570-576)... 

PEG-90M PEG-115M Poiyethyiene giycoi PVP/VA copoiymer Rice (Oryza sativa) wax coating agent, textiies Stearamide MEA-stearate coating agent, waterproof food-contact paper/paperboard Zirconium oxide coating appiics. 

Polydipentene Sucrose acetate isobutyrate coatings modifier, pressure-sensitive Hydrogenated rosin coatings, /polymeric food-contact Aluminum stearates coatings, ablative Phenolic resin... 

PEG-2 stearate PEG-2 stearate SE coatings, protective hygroscopic powders Glyceryl stearate coatings, protective metals Tall oil hydroxyethyl imidazoline coatings, protective mineral tablets Castor (Ricinus communis) oil coatings, protective pharmaceutical vitamin/mineral preps. 

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