Spelling out numbers

The word form is also used for numbers that start a sentence, unless the number is part of a chemical name. Whenever possible, however, rewrite the sentence so that it does not begin with a number. Units are spelled out following a number in word form and the plural verb is used (e.g., Ten milliliters were...). A sentence that begins with a spelled-out number reverts back to numerical form, when appropriate, in the rest of the sentence. Consider the following examples ... 

Hyphenate unit modifiers that contain spelled-out numbers. 

Some authorities say spell out numbers that can be expressed in one or... 

Exception Spell out numbers with units of measure used in a nontechnical sense. 

A different type of exact number arises in certain calculations. Suppose you are asked to determine the amount of heat evolved when one kilogram of coal burns. The implication is that because one is spelled out, exactly one kilogram of coal bums. The uncertainty in the answer should be independent of the amount of coaL... 

A number that is spelled out (one, two,...) does not affect the number of significant figures. 

Diagnosis If signs and symptoms spelled out above are noted in large numbers of geographically clustered patients, exposure to aerosolized ricin is the suggested cause. The rapid time course of severe symptoms and death would be unusual for infectious agents. Laboratory findings are nonspecific except for specific serum ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Acute and convalescent sera (plural of serum ) should be collected. 

An easy way to remember which reaction is oxidation and which is reduction is to note that reduction involves the oxidation number being reduced by 1 per electron received. Alternatively, remember the acronym OILRIG , which spells out the initial letters of oxidation is loss, reduction is gain of electrons. 

Look over excerpts 3B-3H. Propose rules that describe the appropriate use of capitalization, abbreviations, parentheses, sentence fragments, numbers (spelled out or in number form), and units. 

Lowercase letters are also used for units derived from surnames when they appear in spelled-out form and do not follow a number. The abbreviated form, used as a unit after a number, is capitalized. Celsius and Fahrenheit are always capitalized because they refer to temperature scales (not actual units). 

For a long time, I ve been interested in the Jewish use of numbers as a kind of language to access God and reality. This application is exemplified by the 1998 cult movie titled h , which features as protagonist a mathematical genius who is fascinated by numbers and their diverse role in the cosmos, the stock market, and Jewish mysticism. In the movie, Hasidic Jews interested in Kabbala search for a sequence of 216 numbers that may be represented by Hebrew letters to spell out God s true name, which was destroyed with the Temple by the Romans. 

Without spelling out the geometry of the lattice explicitly, we further assume that each site in the lattice is surrounded by z neighboring sites, making z the coordination number of the lattice. 

While there are a number of factors driving the implementation of PAT in pharmaceutical development and manufacture, it can also be said that there are a number of barriers. The magnitude of these barriers is profoundly affected by the organizational culture within each pharmaceutical manufacturer, and frequently across sites within a single company. Several of these cultural issues have been spelled out in the literature,14 5 and there are additional issues related to the absence of infrastructure (both physical and human). A number of the potential impediments are cited here to provide context for those unfamiliar with the area. 

The doctor-patient relationship has traditionally entailed the right of the patient to complete confidentiality Enrollment in a clinical trial should not compromise this right. Just as the staff in a physician s office is trained to understand that they must not breach a patient s right to confidentiality, any additional staff working with files of patients enrolled in clinical trials must also respect this confidentiality. Procedures by which patients can be numbered or identified by their initials and site number should be spelled out to ensure that there is no unnecessary disclosure of the identity of the participants in the study. 

With items other than units of time or measure, use words for cardinal numbers less than 10 use numerals for 10 and above. Spell out ordinals first through ninth use numerals for 10th or greater. 

When a sentence starts with a specific quantity, spell out the number as well as the unit of measure. 

When the suffix fold is used in a nonmathematical sense, spell out the accompanying number if it is less than 10. 

Spell out units of measure that do not follow a number. Do not capitalize them unless they are at the beginning of a sentence or in a title. 

Position numbers may follow one- or three-letter abbreviations or spelled-out names and may be closed up, hyphenated, spaced, or superscripted. Designation of a mutation includes the original amino acid, the position number, and the new amino acid ... 

Alternatively, indicate an isotope by using the spelled-out element name hyphenated to its mass number. 

An isotopically substituted compound has a composition such that all of the molecules of the compound have only the indicated nuclides at the designated positions. To indicate isotopic substitution in formulas, the nuclide symbols are incorporated into the formulas. To indicate isotopic substitution in spelled-out compound names, the number and symbol (and locants if needed) are placed in parentheses closed up to the name. 

The volume field contains specific information, such as volume number and chapter number. Use the following abbreviations and spelled-out forms with the capitalization, spelling, and punctuation shown ... 

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