Soybean preparations

Using the UV assay, very active LOX preparations, such as soybean preparations, can tend to be confusing, because the reaction is essentially over before measurements can be taken. This may lead the novice into the belief that... 

To explore the quantitative effect of various diet factors on the absorption of zinc from foods and diets, we have generally used an extrinsic tag of a stable isotope of zinc ( Zn). It is assumed that this tag mixes completely with the food Zn prior to its absorption and, thus, its absorption reflects the availability of zinc in the total diet (11, 16). The validity of this assumption needs to be further explored (O. Furthermore, we have been concerned with the question of the dietary availability of zinc when plant foods, such as various soybean preparations, serve as the major or sole source of protein Intake. For example, the results summarized in Table VI indicate that the absorption of an... 

Fig. 1 shows the polypeptide patterns obtained from PSl preparations of Anacvstis and soybean. In each preparation, two prominent bands appeared between 62-65 kDa, as the psaA and psaB gene products. The soybean preparation (Fig. IB) had a mimimal contamination of LHC2 polypeptides, observed also on a dodecyl-maltoside 2-dimensional gel which permits concommitant examination of PSl and PS2 proteins (7). Three LHCl proteins were observed (Fig. IB), and have been isolated and injected into rabbits for antisera production. 

It is worth while noting, however, that Thomas, Whelan, and Peat found that sweet potato, crystalline jS-amylase or soybean, purified /3-amyl-ase will cleave pure amylose only 70% to completion. Cruder soybean preparations contain an additional factor ( Z enzyme ) which when added to the purified amylase will allow hydrolysis of the amylose to proceed to completion. The Z enzyme has been purified and found to have all the properties of a jS-glucosidase, and, in fact, emulsin will replace it. Consequently it appears that amylose contains one or more /3-linked glucose residues in the chain, or more likely attached to the chain at the free 2, 3, 5, or 6 position of an intra-chain glucose residue. Since it would probably take only one such /8-linked residue per chain to interrupt the progress of /3-amylase, it is not imusual that methylation studies have not detected it. The structure outlined previously for amylose may be modified somewhat to include these observations. 

An Imfonesian food made enbreiv from soybeans prepared by using a phycomycete, flhiaipus oSgospomf... 

The sulfur amino acid content of soy protein can be enhanced by preparing plasteins from soy protein hydrolysate and sources of methionine or cystine, such as ovalbumin hydrolysate (plastein AB), wool keratin hydrolysate (plastein AC), or L-methionine ethyl ester [3082-77-7] (alkaU saponified plastein) (153). Typical PER values for a 1 2 mixture of plastein AC and soybean, and a 1 3 mixture of alkah-saponified plastein and soybean protein, were 2.86 and 3.38, respectively, as compared with 1.28 for the soy protein hydrolysate and 2.40 for casein. 

Edible Oil. For edible uses, oilseed oils are processed into salad and cooking oils, shortenings, margarines, and confectionery fats such as for candy, toppings, icings, and coatings (73). These products are prepared by a series of steps, as outlined for soybean oil in Figure 6. 

Choline occurs widely in nature and, prepared synthetically, it is available as an article of commerce. Soybean lecithin and egg-yolk lecithin have been used as natural sources of choline for supplementing the diet. Other important natural-food sources include Hver and certain legumes (18—22). 

Lipoxygenase-Catalyzed Oxidations. Lipoxygenase-1 catalyzes the incorporation of dioxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids possessing a l(Z),4(Z)-pentadienyi moiety to yield ( ),(Z)-conjugated hydroperoxides. A highly active preparation of the enzyme from soybean is commercially available in purified form. From a practical standpoint it is important to mention that the substrate does not need to be in solution to undergo the oxidation. Indeed, the treatment of 28 g/L of linoleic acid [60-33-3] with 2 mg of the enzyme results in (135)-hydroperoxide of linoleic acid in 80% yield... 

An inoculum broth is prepared having the following composition 32 pounds starch 32 pounds soybean meal 10 pounds corn steep solids 10 pounds sodium chloride 6 pounds calcium carbonate and 250 gallons water. 

Sterile agar slants are prepared using the Streptomyces sporulation medium of Hickey and Tresner, J. Bact., vol. 64, pages 891-892 (1952). Four of these slants are inoculated with lyophilized spores of Streptomyces antibioticus NRRL 3238, incubated at 28°C for 7 days or until aerial spore growth is well-advanced, and then stored at 5°C. The spores from the four slants are suspended in 40 ml of 0.1% sterile sodium heptadecyl sulfate solution. A nutrient medium having the following composition is then prepared 2.0% glucose monohydrate 1.0% soybean meal, solvent extracted, 44% protein 0.5% animal peptone (Wilson s protopeptone 159) 0.2% ammonium chloride 0.5% sodium chloride 0.25% calcium carbonate and water to make 100%. 

PLA/PCL-OMMT nano-composites were prepared effectively using fatty amides as clay modifier. The nano-composites shows increasing mechanical properties and thermal stability (Hoidy et al, 2010c). New biopolymer nano-composites were prepared by treatment of epoxidized soybean oil and palm oil, respectively plasticized PLA modified MMT with fatty nitrogen compounds. The XRD and TEM results confirmed the production of nanocomposites. The novelty of these studies is use of fatty nitrogen compoimds which reduces the dependence on petroleum-based surfactants (Al-Mulla et al., 2011 Al-Mulla et ah, 2011 Al- Mulla et ah, 2010c). 

Al-Mulla, E.A.J., Suhail, A. H. and Aowda, S. 2011. A. New biopolymer nanocomposites based on epoxidized soybean oil plastidzed poly(lactic add)/fatty nitrogen compounds modified clay Preparation and characterization. Industrial Crops and Products 33. 23-29. 

Preparation of lipid microspheres. The lipid microspheres (lipo-PGEj) with a diameter of 0.2 to 0.3 p m arc prepared from the drug, soybean oil and lecithin (Figure 1). The drug to be enclosed in the microspheres is first dissolved in soybean oil, and then emulsified with lecithin by a Manton-Gaulin homogenizer (7,2). 

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