Sorting illumination

In one application, an epi-illuminated optical trap was used in conjunction with an inverted fluorescence microscope so that individual cells could be identified with FITC-conjugated antibodies and subsequently trapped for further micromanipulation (24). In the first part of the experiment, as a demonstration of a sorting technique, the trapped cells were transferred into a capillary tube, that was located in the Petri dish along with the cells. The optical trap was used to lift... 

Cells are then individually sorted and classified according to their illuminated electrical parameters and are electrically interconnected in strings, which are then encapsulated to form a module, which is designed to be weather proof and produce electrical output for more than 25 years. 

Flow cell The flow cell is the device in a flow cytometer that delivers the sample stream to the center of the sheath stream and then accelerates the flow velocity to maintain the cells spaced out from each other, in a narrowing core. In some cytometric configurations, the laser illuminates the stream within the flow cell in other configurations the illumination occurs in air after the stream has left the flow cell. In the latter case, the term nozzle is more apt to be used. In a sorting instrument, the flow cell vibrates in order to allow drop formation. It also provides... 

Preparation and guidance of this sort will allow many to reach the illuminated state who would not be expected to recognize it. 

Sometimes the main text of the book needs clarification or expansion, and this sort of margin note will contain such little extras to help you understand difficult points, it will also remind you of things from elsewhere in the book that illuminate what is being discussed. You would do well to read these notes the first time you read the chapter, though later, as the ideas become more familiar, you might choose to skip them. 

This brings us to the rear support-film interface. What sort of barrier exists at this junction Are the electron exchange kinetics voltage-dependent at this interface The effect of changing the work function of the substrate on the current-voltage curves (in the dark and under illumination) has been investigated for Ti02 nanocrystalline films [344]. The onset potential for the photocurrent is found to be the... 

These small molecule probes of DNA (ds and ss) and RNA do not identify organisms, but indicate probable viability because the genome is intact. When cells in suspension or on a slide are stained and examined under a UV-epi-illuminated microscope or in a flow cytometer, with or without cell sorting, then viability can be estimated with fairly high precision and accuracy. This and related topics are developed in Ref. and in portions of the molecular probes pages (www.probes.com), which the reader may find particularly useful. 

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