Solvent misuse

The conceptual basis of the methods adopted by AlcohoUcs Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous and related organizations. It is considered that recovery from addiction is achieved by addressing 12 specified steps in turn See solvent misuse... 

Sourindhrin, I. and Baird, J.A. (1984) Management of solvent misuse A Glasgow community approach , British Journal of Addiction, 79 227-32. 

Solvent misuse in secondary school children - a prevelence study. 

The incidence of drug and solvent misuse among Southern English normal comprehensive school children. 

Interim report on the findings of the survey into solvent misuse by schoolchildren in Berkshire. 

Contained use of genetically modified organisms Drug misuse at work - A guide for employers Dangerous substances on site notification and warning signs Solvents and you... 

Flammable liquids are widely used in many types of factories, and their misuse is responsible for many outbreaks of fire. The fire risks from the flammable liquids in common use such as petrol, paraffin, white spirit, cellulose solutions and thinners are well known, but these are only a few of the liquids which present hazards in industry. The variety of flammable liquids used in processes as solvents or carriers and for other purposes is constantly extending. 

Regarding solvents in ordinary usage, two important things to consider are how much of a product is used and how often it is used. For instance, a teaspoon of vinegar is safe to use on a salad, but if a person drank several cupfuls daily it could cause serious harm. So we can say the dose makes the poison. In everyday products the amounts used are at safe levels for the average person. The consumer would usually not apply or eat enough of the chemical to be hazardous. However, when misused, used by children in appropriate amounts, or by people who have particular allergies or sensitivities, there is reason for concern. 

Constriction of blood vessels, arrhythmia, and even aplastic anemia, caused by ethyl alcohol, methylene chloride, and benzene, respectively, are circulatory system diseases that result from misuse of these chemical substances. Methylene chloride, a paint solvent, reacts in the body to produce carbon monoxide, which replaces oxygen in the hemoglobin molecule. This can cause carbon monoxide poisoning, which can be fatal. 

All these actions involve the use, misuse, or manipulation of lipids. Steroids, prostaglandins, fats, oil, waxes, terpenes, and even the colorful carotenes in the falling leaves are all lipids. In our study of organic chemistry, we have usually classified compounds according to their functional groups. Lipids, however, are classified by their solubility Lipids are substances that can be extracted from cells and tissues by nonpolar organic solvents. 

This was also a very useful step forward, since crude assessments for (solvent refined) lubes had employed Vis of the lube cuts as a convenient measure of quality and quality implied oxidative resistance. Users had experienced the fallibility of this methodology29 and were in search of better. It is worth mentioning that VI is still frequently misused today as a proxy for quality. Probably the best response when the word quality is used is to ask quality for what and proceed carefully from there. 

Sudan red dyes are synthetically produced dyes normally used for colouring shoe and floor polish, oils, and solvents. For example, Sudan red is used to colour petroleum products to prevent misuse. The dye is added to diesel products to prevent substitution of less expensive fuel oils. Some of the Sudan dyes have been used in the past to colour foodstuffs however, many of these, including Sudan I (see Figure 11.7), Sudan III, and Sudan IV are now banned substances. Sudan dyes have been shown to cause cancer in animal studies and thus have been declared carcinogens. They are not permitted as an additive in any foodstuff in the United Kingdom and the rest of the European Union. 

Given that all halogen atoms are fire suppressants and that water is a heat sink as it doesn t participate in combustion reactions, the characterization of cleaning solvents by D56-18T and the like must be taken to be at best misused and at worst wrong-headed because none of these fluids resemble the hydrocarbon mixtures for which D56-18T was developed. 

---