Solid oxide fuel cells zirconia-based

The tape-casting method makes possible the fabrication of films in the region of several hundred micrometers thick. The mechanical strength allows the use of such a solid electrolyte as the structural element for devices such as the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell in which zirconia-based solid electrolytes are employed both as electrolyte and as mechanical separator of the electrodes. 

YSZ is the usual material for use in solid oxide fuel cells. Another interesting application of stabilized zirconia is in the detection of oxygen, where it is used in both oxygen meters and ojg gen sensors, which are based on a specialized electrochemical cell (Section 5.4.4). 

Ceria-based systems showed mixed effects for methane oxidation. Composite catalysts of Ag/Ce02 fall apart, forming large silver metal aggregates and deactivating the catalyst system (38). The only system in which silver-modified ceria found any promise is in solid oxide fuel cells utilizing yttira-stabilized zirconia however, the silver-based system was not the optimum one in this case (39). 

Oxides exhibiting only high ion conductivity are mainly fluorite-related structures based on zirconia or ceria. Zirconia-based electrolytes are currently used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The MIEC oxides are more attractive for separative membrane applications, and these oxides mainly belong to the following types fluorite-related oxides doped to improve their electron conduction, - ... 

Another Ni-based solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrode was developed on which a YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) cermet and Lanthanum chromite were deposited by a slurry coating method. It was also suggested that a plasma spraying process can be used for the cermet deposition on the electrodes. The following reactions are expected to take place in a fuel cell employing a natural gas source, where internal reforming takes place on the Ni-YSZ electrode ... 

C. M. Finnerty, N. J. Coe, R. H. Cunningham, and R. M. Ormerod. Carbon formation on and deactivation of nickel-based/zirconia anodes in solid oxide fuel cells running on mehtane. Catalysis Today 46, (1998) 137-145. 

Scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) possesses the highest oxygen-ion conductivity among all zirconia-based oxides, and therefore represents a promising solid electrolyte for applications in electrochemical devices such as solid oxide fuel cells (SO PCs) and catalytic membrane reactors (further details are available in Section 1.6.6.3). 

The prevalent material for substrates and anodes in anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are porous composites of oxygen-ion conducting ceramics such as yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) and Nickel. Cells based on such substrates and anodes have been found to show very good performance. ... 

Yamamoto O, Arachi Y, Sakai H, Takeda Y, Imanishi N, Mizutani Y, Kawai M, Nakamura Y (1998) Zirconia based oxide ion conductors for solid oxide fuel cells. Ionics 4 403 108... 

Watanabe M, Uchida H, Yoshida M (1997) Effect of ionic conductivity of zirconia electrolytes on the polarization behavior of ceria-based anodes in solid oxide fuel cells. J Electrochem Soc 144(5) 1739-11743... 

The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is based on a thin layer of solid ceramic electrolyte of yttria-stabilized zirconia operating at 600 to 1000°C, which transfers the oxygen ion (O ) from the cathode to the anode. The high temperature is necessary to achieve sufficient ionic conductivity [14]. The electrochemical reaction in an SOFC can be expressed as equation (1.16) to equation (1.18). 

In 1965, the worldwide first 50 W solid oxide fuel cell based on yttrium-stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte was developed and tested in the Laboratory of Electrolytes. Unfortunately, all publications in this field were strictly secret and nobody in the world knew about this priority of the Soviet scientists. 

Mainly thanks to Neuymin s activity, the first in the world 50 W solid oxide fuel cell based on yttrium-stabilized zirconia electrolyte was built in 1965 and tested for 1000 h in the Laboratory of the Electrolytes. All kinds of oxygen sensors were developed by him or under his supervision. On the base of these scientific achievements, the Soviet industry began the production of the first sensors and laboratory oxygen analyzers, e.g., Agate, ANG, and SIVE. Sensors for detecting oxygen in the copper and iron melts were also developed by Neuymin and his co-workers. 

Srdic, V.V., Omorjan, R.P., and Seydel, J. (2005) Electrochemical performances of (La,Sr)Co03 cathode for zirconia-based solid oxide fuel cells. Mater. Sci Eng. B, 116 (2), 119-124. 

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