Sodium oxide, properties

The many industrial uses for sodium nitrite primarily are based on its oxidizing properties or its Hberation of nitrous acid in acidic solutions. 

Chemical Properties. Anhydrous sodium sulfite is stable in dry air at ambient temperatures or at 100°C, but in moist air it undergoes rapid oxidation to sodium sulfate [7757-82-6]. On heating to 600°C, sodium sulfite disproportionates to sodium sulfate and sodium sulfide [1313-82-2]. Above 900°C, the decomposition products are sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. At 600°C, it forms sodium sulfide upon reduction with carbon (332). 

A desirable glass melts at a reasonable temperature, is easy to work with, and yet is chemically inert. Such a glass can be prepared by adding a third component that has bonding characteristics intermediate between those of purely ionic sodium oxide and those of purely covalent silicon dioxide. Several different components are used, depending on the properties desired in the glass. 

Addition of an alkali metal oxide as a "network modifier to the "network former causes pH sensitivity, i.e., small amounts of alkali metal induce superficial gel layer formation as a merely local chemical attack and so with limited alkali error larger amounts will result in more pronounced dissolving properties of the glass up to complete dissolution, e.g., water-glass with large amounts of sodium oxide. Simultaneous addition of an alkaline earth metal oxide, however, diminishes the dissolution rate. Substitution of lithium for sodium in pH-sensitive glass markedly reduces the alkali error. 

Sodium tellurate (Na2Te04) exhibits similar oxidizing properties towards thiols. 

Barium nitrate is superior to either sodium or potassium nitrate with regard to physical stability, while the heat concentration is also higher because barium oxide has better refractory properties than does either potassium or sodium oxide. 

The database for health effects related to dermal exposure to chlorine dioxide or chlorite is extremely limited. No reports were located regarding adverse effects in humans following dermal exposure to chlorine dioxide or chlorite. Available information in animals is restricted to a report that a solution containing chlorine dioxide concentrations of approximately 9.7-11.4 mg/L was nonirritating to the skin of mice in a 48-hour test. Dermal exposure to high concentrations would be expected to result in irritation, due to the oxidizing properties of chlorine dioxide and chlorite. Sodium chlorite was not carcinogenic in mice treated dermally for 51 weeks. Nor did sodium chlorite appear to be a cancer promoter in mice... 

Elemental composition Pb 86.62%, O 13.38%. The compound may be identified by its physical properties and characterized by x-ray crystallography. Lead may be analyzed in the acid extract of the oxide by AA or ICP spectroscopy. It also may be analyzed by its oxidative properties. It hberates iodine from an acidic solution of potassium iodide, and the liberated iodine may be titrated against a standard solution of sodium thiosulfate using starch indicator (blue color decolorizes at the end point). 

There are several difficulties in the application of this technique to the analysis of sodium barrier properties of these polyimide films. First, as we have seen above, large shifts in the surface potential characteristics of MPOS structures can be associated with electronic conduction in the polyimide and charging of the polyimide-oxide interface. These shifts are not readily separable from any that might be caused by the inward drift of sodium ions. Second, the effect of the electronic charging process is to buck out the electric field in the polyimide which is needed to drive the ion drift mechanism. As seen in Figure 6, the electric field is reduced to very small values in a matter of minutes or less, particularly at the higher temperatures where ion drift would normally be measured. 

Sodium metabisulfite is an antioxidant agent widely used in pharmaceutical preparations to reduce or prevent oxidation. There are some studies, however, that have shown that metabisulfite, under specific conditions, may have indirect oxidant properties. Baker et al. [37] demonstrated that sulfite propofol emulsion, but not EDTA propofol emulsion, underwent chemical changes during a simulated intravenous infusion. Compounds were identified as propofol oxidation products. The increase of propofol oxidation products demonstrated that sulfite from metabisulfite created a strong oxidant environment when air was introduced. Lavoie et al. [38]... 

In the Somogyi-Nelson assay, all substances with reducing or oxidative properties might cause interference. The most important factor to consider is the back-oxidation by air. To control air oxidation, sodium sulfate is added during the process. In addition, citric acid has been reported to cause interference in the estimation of reducing sugars (Paleg, 1959). 

Attempts by A. W. Titherley to make sodium imide, Na2NH, by the action of ammonia on sodium oxide gave sodamide, NaNH2t and water Na20+2NH3 ->2NaNH2+H20. The water at once decomposes the sodamide, forming sodium hydroxide and ammonia, but if the action be suddenly stopped some of the primary product—sodamide—can be obtained sodium oxide and sodamide do not react to any appreciable extent. Bee potassium and sodium amides for the properties. 

Wilson et al. [25] analyzed various brands of commercial cements and specified their possible composition, properties, and microstructure. Wilson et al. report the most representative and comprehensive data on commercial porcelain dental cements. These cements consist of powdered alumina-lime-silica glass mixed with phosphoric acid that formed a hard and translucent product. The starter glass powder consists of 31.5-41.6 wt% silica, 27.2-29.1 wt% alumina, 7.7-9.0wt% calcium oxide, 7.7-11.2 wt% sodium oxide, 13.3-22 wt% fluorine and small amounts of phosphorous and zinc oxides. Often very small amounts of magnesium and strontium oxides are also present. 

Compound 3.55 was studied both in terms of its reduction and its oxidation properties. Perhaps not surprisingly, compound 3.55 was found to be resistant to both chemical and electrochemical oxidation, presumably owing to the steric demands of the sulfur atoms mentioned above. On the other hand, 3.55, when studied electrochemically, displayed a single reversible two-electron reduction wave. The annulene 3.55 could also be reduced using sodium metal. In both cases (chemical and electrochemical), the species obtained was presumed to be the diatropic 22 n-electron dianion 3.56. The assignment of 3.56 as being a diatropic system was based... 

Copper acetate, Cu(OCOCHj)2 or Cu(0C0CH3)2 H20, resembles copper sulfate in its oxidizing properties and is used for the oxidative coupling of terminal acetylenes [53, 357] and for the conversion of acyloins into a-diketones [353, 359]. Its presence favorably affects the acetoxylation of toluenes to benzyl acetates by sodium persulfate [360]. 

Khen put in the water at the studio, the oxidized sodium spluttered because of the insulating property of the oxide As water penetrated the layer of sodium oxide it only created more oxide so no actual flaming occurred and it just spluttered. 

Properties Soft, ductile, malleable, bright silver metal. Tarnishes in air, forming sodium oxides, the carbonates, and the hydroxide, mw 257.90, Mp 97.8C, bp 881C. Soluble in liquid NH3. 

Kaolin is a white clay mostly made up of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide and sodium oxide. It was first found in China, in Kao-Ling. European kaolin is formed by the decomposition of feldspath in granite rock in Brittany or Limousin. Kaolin has good absorbent properties and is gentle on the skin it is very well tolerated by very sensitive or reactive skins. It is used for its healing, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory qualities and its excellent coverage in Unna s paste formula. 

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