Social and Environmental Effects

Nausea and Vomiting Cachexia Glaucoma Other Uses Physiological Effects Acute Effects Longer-Term Effects Psychological Effects Behavioral Effects Cognitive Effects Emotional Effects Social and Environmental Effects Summary... 

Goldsmith, E., Hildyard, N. (1984). The social and environmental effects of large dams. Wadebridge, UK Wadebridge Ecological Centre. 

In earlier times, there was little concern about the harmful social and environmental effects from engineering projects. The works of engineers were welcomed by people and looked upon as a means to economic progress. Complaints about environmental problems were rare and viewed by political leaders and professional engineers as minor impediments to progress. 

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has evolved as a comprehensive approach to project evaluation, in which environmental factors, as well as economic and technical considerations (e.g. Cost Benefit Analysis), are given appropriate consideration in the decisionmaking process. The purpose of an EIA study is to determine the potential environmental, social and health effects of a proposed development. It attempts to define and assess the physical, biological and socio-economic effects, so that logical and rational decisions are made. The identification of possible alternative sites and/or processes may assist in the reduction of potential adverse impacts. 

Theories about the effects of drugs on humans always have taken into account social and environmental factors. 

Three hypothesized social and environmental consequences of cannabis use have received attention the role of marijuana in enhancing interpersonal skills, the effect of cannabis on aggression and violence, and the role of marijuana use in what has been called the amotivational syndrome. 

At a minimum, corporate responsibility auditing can provide a complete picture of how well a company performs against its values, industry or global standards, peers, and the expectations of essential stakeholders. Many companies use the results to put in place, both internally and in partnership with major suppliers, credible and measurable process improvements that responsibly drive efficiencies, reduce risk, seize new business opportunities, and strengthen relationships with stakeholders. For many companies, corporate responsibility auditing also provides a verifiable and credible process for reporting to stakeholders on their social and environmental impacts and the effects on profitability. 

The other attitude found frequently among financial analysts is the belief that voluntary programs have effectively reduced many of the risks associated with social and environmental issues in the chemical industry. There are obviously ways in which this is true of programs such as Responsible Care , but it is by no means true of all the risks and opportunities of all chemical companies at all times. 

Parallel to the above work, a detailed resource, social and environmental impact study (5J was initiated to see the effect of power production via wood gasification plants on Northern Communities in the province. 

E. Cemichiari, A. Choi, D. Palumbo, and T.W. Clarkson. 1999. Association between prenatal exposure to methylmercury and developmental outcomes in Seychellois children Effect modification by social and environmental factors. Neurotoxicology 20(5) 833-41. 

In addition, feelings of depression can often be overstated or understated because they reflect the definition and standards of normalcy within an individual s unique social and environmental context. As a first step toward acquiring effective treatment, a clear, concise, psychosocial-criteria-based diagnostic standard must be applied. All diagnostic interpretations must be sensitive to the influence of cultural and stress-related environmental and social factors. 

Representing an essential function to trade, logistics is a complex system made up of a multitude of players and interrelationships between suppliers, manufacturers, logistic service providers and the retailers whose job it is to deliver to the end user the product or service required under the best economic, social and environmental conditions. Meanwhile, its impact on the environment is important because of the many forms of pollution generated by road transport the major delivery mode used today. The transport sector consumes 70% of all petrol consumed in the EU and produces 21% of all greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, it is well recognized that transport is the very life blood of a modern economy and its effects go far beyond the direct economic effects of employment and the added value of the transport sector in an economy. 

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