Smooth muscle actin alpha

Smooth muscle actin, alpha Dako 1 800 Cytoplasmic... 

Gallucci RM, Lee EG, Tomasek JJ. IL-6 modulates alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in dermal fibroblasts from IL-6-deficient mice. J Invest Dermatol 2006 126(3) 561-568. 

By using antibodies to alpha smooth muscle actin, we were able to identify activated fibroblasts (myofibroblasts). These contractile fibroblasts actively make collagen in contrast to quiescent fibroblasts. The increase in number of myofibroblasts after implantation was very similar to the increase in response to TGF-p,16 and this finding is consistent with the concept that one of the major roles of TGF-p is to activate fibroblasts in part to stimulate the formation of collagen. 

L. RubbiaBrandt, G. Mentha, A. Desmouliere, A. M. A. Costa, E. Giostra, G. Mo-las, H. Enzan, and G. Gabbiani, Hepatic stellate cells reversibly express alpha-smooth muscle actin during acute hepatic ischemia, Transplant Proc. 29 2390-2395 (1997). 

Willems, I.E., Havenith, M.G., De Mey, J.G., and Daemen, M.J. 1994. The alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells in healing human myocardial scars. Am. J. Pathol. 145 868-875. 

Isolated chondrocytes grown in type I and type II collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrices contract the matrix and immunochemically stain for alpha-smooth muscle actin. These results suggest that chondrocytes can also generate active tension and may be responsible for maintaining the tension in articular cartilage. 

Johnson RJ, llda H, Alpers CE, Majesky MW, Schwartz SM, Pritzl P, Gordon K, and Gown AM. Expression of smooth muscle cell phenotype by rat mesangial cells In Immune complex nephritis. Alpha-smooth muscle actin Is a marker of mesangial cell proliferation. J Clin Invest 87 847-858,1991. 

Alpha) smooth muscle actin is less specific for myogenous differentiation than h-caldesmon or HHF-35, muscle-specific actin. 

FIGURE 4.4 Alpha isoform (smooth muscle) actin is seen in the spindle cells and blood vessels of angiomyofibroblastoma. 

The presence of immunoreactivity for several muscle-associated proteins such as desmin, actins, myosin, Z-band protein, and the MM isozyme of creatine kinase in ASPS provides compelling evidence that it demonstrates muscular differentiation. However, whether or not it is a form of rhabdomyosarcoma is still open to question. " In that specific regard, both alpha-sarcomeric actin and alpha-smooth muscle actin have been described in this lesion. 

Immunohistochemical studies of these neoplasms have revealed few characteristic features and are used primarily to help exclude other lesions that are under pathologic consideration. Extraskeletal osteosarcomas are reactive for vimentin, and their matrical elements often label for CD57. Alpha-smooth muscle actin may be seen focally, and a subset of tumors is said to coexpress desmin, " perhaps representing myofibroblastic... 

Jones H, Steart PV, DuBoulay CE, et al. Alpha-smooth muscle actin as a marker for soft tissue tumors A comparison with des-min.J Pathol. 1990 162 29-33. 

Because muscle-specific actin (recognized by monoclonal antibody HHF-35), alpha-isoform ( smooth muscle ) actin (recognized by antibody 1A4), and caldesmon are also preferentially seen in nonepithelial, nonmelanocytic, nonglial tissues, those determinants would be unexpected in melanocytic neoplasms. Indeed,... 

Alpha actin 1A4 Alpha-smooth muscle isoform of actin N-terminal decapeptide of human a smooth-muscle actin Cell Marque NA HIER... 

Tsukamoto H, Hayashibe K, Mishima Y, et al. The altered expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in basal cell epithelioma and its surrounding stroma, with special reference to proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and adenoid differentiation. BrJ Dermatol. 1994 130 189-194. 

The desmoplastic stroma associated with DAs expresses a variety of inflammatory and stromal markers. The inflammatory cells are mostly T cells (CD3 positive). Scattered B cells (CD20 positive) and macrophages (MAC387 and KPl positive) are also usually present. The spindle cells express alpha-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, and collagen IV, markers of myofibroblastic differentiation.They are also reported to be positive for heat shock protein 47 and hbronectin, as well as for proteins associated with tissue remolding such as urokinase-type plasminogen... 

The ovarian-like stroma cells also label with antibodies to smooth muscle actin, muscle-specific actin, desmin, h-caldesmon, and also variably for alpha-inhibin and calretinin. 

Gulubova M. Immrmohistochemical localization of collagen type III and type FV, laminin, tenascin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alphaSMA) in the human liver in peliosis. Pathol Res Pract. 2002 198 803-812. 

S-100 protein (90%) and may be positive with muscle markers such as calponin (86%), desmin (14%), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (36%). 457 Occasional cells exhibit immunostaining with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The presence of smooth muscle markers and immunostaining for GFAP is more in keeping with pure myoepithelial differentiation as opposed to... 

Bocker W, Bier B, Ereytag G, Brommelkamp B, et al. An immunohistochemical smdy of the breast using antibodies to basal and luminal keratins, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, collagen IV and laminin. Part II Epitheliosis and ductal carcinoma in sim. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1992 421 323-330. 

Gugliotta P, Sapino A, Macri L, et al. Specific demonstration of myoepithelial cells by anti-alpha smooth muscle actin antibody. J Histochem Cytochem. 1988 36 659-663. 

Woodcock-Mitchell J, Mitchell JJ, Low RB, Kieny M, Sengel P, Rubbia L, SkaUi 0, Jackson B, Gabbiani G (1988) Alpha-smooth muscle actin is transiently expressed in embryonic rat cardiac and skeletal muscles. Differentiation 39 161-166... 

Fig. 2. Histochemical staining of control and VeMi-null aorta for elastin, mucins, and smooth muscle. (A) Control aorta stained for elastin with Hart s stain showing 5-6 elastic lamellae and (B) Ae 7-null aorta showing the abnormal separation between the elastic lamellae. (C) Control aorta stained for sialomucins with Alcian blue (blue) with elastic lamellae appearing opaque and (D) Neul-miR aorta stained for sialomucins indicating the large mass of positive material between elastic lamellae. (E) Control aorta immunostained for smooth muscle with an antibody to alpha-smooth muscle actin (red) showing the thin area between elastic lamellae and (F) Afe 7-nuU aorta showing the increased mass of smooth muscle between elastic lamellae, whereas some areas were devoid of smooth muscle (arrow). Scale bar, 22 pm. From Starcher et (See Color Plate 46.)...

Hinz, B., Celetta, G., Tomasek, J. J., Gabbiani, G. and Chaponnier, C. Alpha-smooth muscle actin expression upregulates fibroblast contractile activity. Mol Biol Cell 12, 2730-2741, 2001. 

Goffin, 1., Pittet, P., Csucs, G., Lussi, J., Meister, J., Hinz, B., 2006. Focal adhesion size controls tension-dependent recruitment of alpha-smooth muscle actin to stress fibers. J. Cell Biol. 172 (2), 259-268. 

Holderman MT, Miller KP, Dangott LJ, Ramos KS Identification of albumin precursor protein, Phi AP3, and alpha-smooth muscle actin as novel components of redox sensing machinery in vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Pharmacol 2002, 61 1174-1183. 

Cogan JG, Sun S, Stoflet ES, Schmidt LJ, Getz MJ, Strauch AR 1995 Plasticity of vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene transcription. Characterization of multiple, single-, and double-strand specific DNA-binding proteins in myoblasts and fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 270 11310-11321... 

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