Slip and antiblocking agents

To decrease the friction of films in contact with processing and conversion equipment, a lubricating agent known as a slip agent is added. Slip agents migrate to the surface and reduce the coefficient of friction, allowing for faster line speeds (lubrication). Primary amides, secondary amides, and ethylene 

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Crodamide. [Croda Universal Ltd.] Fatty acid amides slip and antiblock agents for polyolefins release agent for molded thermoplastic polymers. 

Uniwax. [Unkhema Unichema France SA] Fatly acid amides lubricant, slip and antiblock agent, release agent for plastics defoamers. 

The main derivative of erucic acid is erucamide (2,4). Erucamide is manufactured under standard amination procedures by reacting pure erucic acid ( 95%) at elevated temperature and pressure with ammonia (Scheme 1). The A,A-disubstituted amides are used as slip and antiblocking agents in polyethylene, polypropylene, and other plastics (2,5). The length of the alkyl chain appears to be the key feature for its properties, allowing low concentrations (1000 ppm) in the resin, whereas shorter... 

The fatty amides used in PE production include erucamide (EA) cis-13-docosenoic acid, amide), behenamide (docosenoic acid, amide), oleamide (OA) and stearamide (SA) [43]. Unsaturated amides, such as EA and OA, provide superior slip properties, whereas saturated amides, such as behenamide and SA, provide acceptable slip and superior antiblocking properties. EA displaced OA as the preferred slip agent for the production of PO film because it melts at a higher temperature and is more stable at extrusion temperatures EA can be used as a slip and antiblock agent [45]. SA also provides useful slip properties, although it is slower acting it has superior antiblock properties to those of EA and OA. 

Ampacet Product 100520 is a mineral anti-block that does not require hazard labelling as it does not contain heavy metals or diatomaceous earth. At 2.5% usage the 20% loaded LDPE-carried anti-block attains 5000 ppm active antiblock, with films showing 96% light transmission and 12.8% haze. Slip and antiblock agents based on Dow s Affinity polyolefin plastomers include Ampacet 100329 (slip), which contains 5% erucamide, and 110342 (anti-block), which contains 20% diatomaceous silica. 

Polymer formulations usually include one or more compounds such as antioxidants, secondary antioxidants, antistatic additives, light stabilisers, lubricants, plasticisers, stabilisers, slip and antiblock agents. In addition, the polymer and hence the extractant liquid might contain other substances not deliberately added such as unreacted monomers, residual polymerisation solvents and catalysts. The result is that practical extractants from such plastics can contain very low concentrations of several very different types of substances which may or may not mutually interfere with each other during these subsequent analyses and one or more of which it may be necessary to determine. 

Release Agents, Lubricants, Slip and Antiblocking Agents... 

Chemstat primary amides are used as slip and antiblock agents in polyolefins and other polymers. They fuction by migrating to the polymer surface where they exert a lubricating effect. 

Slip, antislip, and antiblock agents [30, 31] do not facilitate molding or semifinished product manufacture as do lubricants. What they do is to simplify further processing - of foils in particular. Foil bags that have been stored in stacks cannot be readily picked up or opened, problems that are particularly noted with LDPE and PP. An effective slip agent with LDPE is addition of 0.05 % oleic acid amide and with PP the same amount of eruca acid amide. Additive manufacturers supply concentrates of these compounds in granulate form for addition to molding compounds [50]. 

Uses Leveling agent, slip agent, and antiblocking agent for UV-cured wood lacquers and printing inks Features Reactive EFKA -3886 [EFKAAdditives BVj... 

However, plasticized PLA can be used for such a purpose (27). The plasticizer is Eastar Bio Ultra or an Ecoflex t5rpe. These substances are actually polyesters from terephthalic acid, adipic acid, and 1,4-butanediol. In addition, PP may be added in amoimts of 7.5%. Other suitable additives include processing aids and antioxidants, as well as slip agents and antiblocking agents. 

Some lubricants help to stabilise PVC, or act as slip or antiblock agents. Some even improve antistatic behaviour by increasing surface lubricity. Several PVC aliphatic esters such as the adipates, palmitates and sebacates are both lubricants and plasticisers. 

A number of other companies such as Dover Chemical and Akzo Nobel have developed improved slip and antiblock additives. Ampacet markets a non-migrating slip agent for use in multilayer films where different coefficients of friction are needed in different directions. Antistat performance is provided on the irmer layer, and slip or antiblock performance on the outer one. 

Armoslip, Slip aids and antiblock agents, Akzo Nobel Chemicals Inc. 

Friction. The coefficient of friction (COE) is a measure of the friction forces between two surfaces. It characterizes a film s frictional behavior. The COE of a surface is determined by the surface adhesivity (surface tension and crystallinity), additives (slip, pigment and antiblock agents), and surface finish. Cases in which the material s COE values require careful consideration include film passing over free-running rolls bag form-... 

A heat-sealable layer on the second side of the core layer comprising a thermoplastic polymer and an amount of a slip system, based upon the entire weight of the heat-sealable layer, sufficient to reduce the coefficient of friction and improve slip performance of the heat-sealable layer, wherein the slip system comprises silicone gum and antiblocking agents. 

Stearic acid is frequently used as an external lubricant, especially in many PVC applications. It can be viewed as a co-agent, which in collaboration with other slip and antiblocking additives, contributes to a final effect, and decreases the required concentration of other additives. 

The methods discussed here include national and international standard methods used for evaluation of slip and antiblocking additives (standard methods of testing release agents are still to be developed). 

The presence of mold release agent on the surface of products was found to alter the color of the product because of a change in its refiactive properties. The development of plate-like features on PP film manuiacturcd with slip and antiblocking additives was attributed to the presence of slip additive. 

The above review of literature on mathematical modelling shows that the development, selection, and use of antiblocking, slip, and release agents is more likely based on experience than on the use of mathematical routines. 

Uses Pigment dispersant for polyolefins slip agenL antiblocking agent, and lubricant for polymer resins antistat and gloss aid for surfs, of molded and extroded prods. vise, reducer pigment dispersant in carbon black Features High m.p. 

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