Adhesive Surfaces

Title Novel Sulfur-containing Phenolic Resin, Process for Preparing the Same, Phenol Derivatives Having Thioether Structure or Disulfide Structure, Process for Preparing the Same and Epoxy Resin Composition Adhesive 

Patent Application Material Patentability Anticipated Issuing Date  

Research Focus Method of preparing surface adhesives using phenolic resins either modified with disulfides or free radically copolymerized with ethane-dithol and then postreacted with epichlorohydrin. 

Originality The use of phenolic disulfide resins and thio copolymers as adhesives 

Observations The objective of this application was to identify phenolic derivatives 

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Baxter R J 1968 Percus-Yevick equation for hard spheres with surface adhesion J. Chem. Phys. 49 2770... 

Cell Adhesion. The membranes of leukocytes and platelets contain a variety of components that promote ceU-surface contact. Although numerous ceU-surface molecules are likely to play a role in ceU-surface adhesion, the group of selectins are of particular interest to research on this subject. Selectins are molecules that are known to promote leukocyte—platelet adhesion. However, selectin-based models have not been able to account for the fact that platelets are allowed to pass through the filter and leukocytes are not. 

Fig. 2. Touch-and-drain dry chemistry constmction (a) dry coated surface (b) cross-section of dry coated surface, adhesive, and cover piece (c) contact with blood drop results ia blood filling the cavity. After desired reaction time, blood is drained off by touching end of cavity with absorbent material (6).

Adhesives. High concentration (>10%) solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) exhibit wet tack properties that are used in several adhesive appHcations. The tackiness disappears when the polymer dries and this property can be successfully utilized in appHcations that require adhesion only in moist conditions. PEO is also known to form solution complexes with several phenoHc and phenoxy resins. Solution blends of PEO and phenoxy resins are known to exhibit synergistic effects, leading to high adhesion strength on aluminum surfaces. Adhesive formulations are available from the manufacturers. 

T Urethanes not shown because of great differences in physical properties, depending on formulations. Adhesion characteristics should he related by actual test data. Any system which shows concrete failure when tested for surfacing adhesion should he rated excellent with decreasing rating for systems showing failure in cohesion or adhesion below concrete failure. 

CH3CI l=CH2 + HBr -> CH3CH2CH2Br. adhesion Binding to a surface, adhesive forces Forces that bind a substance to a surface. 

Test Procedures. Coatings were tested by the following procedures. For crosshatch adhesion, ASTM-D3359, a special scribe was employed which had 11 sharp points spaced approximately 1 mm apart. The film was scored twice with this tool so that scratches were perpendicular. Special tape was then placed firmly over the scored area and pulled off. The number of squares of film coating remaining were counted, and this provided a numerical basis for measuring surface adhesion. No squares are removed for a satisfactory coating. 

The primary and tertiary structures of the cholinesterases are known. The primary structures of the cholinesterases initially defined a large and functionally eclectic superfamily of proteins, the a,P hydrolase fold family, that function not only catalytically as hydrolases but also as surface adhesion molecules forming heterologous cell contacts, as seen in the structurally related proteins... 

Cell surface adhesion molecules, which promote regeneration, are expressed on plasmalemma of both Schwann cells and regenerating peripheral axons 520... 

Hydrophobic polymer materials that slowly release N O can be used on the surface of medical devices. Many medical devices suffer from the surface adhesion of blood platelets. To minimize this thrombogenic effect, blood thinners such as heparin, coumarin, and aspirin are often used. However, systemic administration of antiplatelet agents could increase the risk of uncontrolled bleeding elsewhere in the body. In contrast, biocompatible polymer films would solve this problem [153]. It is possible to create polymeric surfaces that mimic the inner surface of a blood vessel by... 

One path for HIV infection may involve damaged (or healthy) vaginal epithelia [41,42] through cell surface adhesion [40]. Recently it has been reported that the major HIV envelope protein is held intact through hydrophobic residues [43]. For these and other reasons, we sought to combine hydrophobe substituted cationic polymers, particularly DCEs with active anionic polymers, with or without N9 present. 

Most commercially available silicone elastomers, and especially those which polymerize by addition-cure, do not, or weakly, adhere to most surfaces. Adhesion promoters known as surface primers are available and are often used to adhere the silicone to the protected... 

Gao. S. and Zeng, Y. (1993a). Surface modification of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers by plasma treatment. I. Improving surface adhesion. J. Appi. Polym. Sci. 47, 2065-2071. 

Plasma films are usually highly cross-linked, resistant to higher temperatures, resistant to abrasion and chemical attack, and are highly adherent to the surface. Adhesion to the surface is generally high both because the growing polymer complex can fit the surface contour and thus lock-itself in (physical adhesion), and because in many instances, the species are active enough to chemically react with the surface molecules to chemically bond to the surface. The surface can be prepared so that the chemical reaction is enhanced. 

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