Skin-popping

Most heroin addicts have lymphadenopathy (Carbone et al. 1998 Tirelli et al. 1986). Vein sclerosis and contaminant-related lymphatic obstruction may cause extremity edema. Ulceration and other dermatologic changes are often present in those who skin pop. ... 

Until very recently, the most common means of administering heroin was injection with a hypodermic needle, either intravenously (into a vein called mainlining ), subcutaneously (just under the skin called skin-popping ) or intramuscularly (injected into muscle rather than a vein). Injection by regular users and addicts was preferred because the street drug was so diluted with fillers that injection was the most efficient way to get high. 

Foodborne botulism accounts for approximately 1,000 cases per year worldwide, of which approximately 30 occur in the United States. Home processed foods account for 94% of U.S. cases. Infantile botulism, a form of the disease in which C. botulinum spores are ingested by infants due to food contamination, occurs in approximately 60 children per year in the United States, more than half of which are in California. Wound botulism, typically involving intravenous drug users who either inject drugs intravenously or in the subcutaneous tissue (a practice known as skin-popping ), is reported one to three times per year in the United States. It can also occur in other types of contaminated wounds such as a severe crush injury or other areas of contaminated avascular tissue. Botulism due to intestinal colonization by C. botulinum is extremely rare only seven cases have been reported in the literature (CDC, 1998). 

Skin-popping The practice of iniccting drugs, especially heroin, subcutaneously rather than into a muscle or vein. 

Wynter, Leon. 2002. American Skin Pop Culture, Big Business, and the End of White America. New York Crown. 

C. Wound botulism occurs when the spores contaminate a wound, genninate in the anaerobic environment, and produce toxin in vivo that is then absorbed systemically, resuiting in illness. It occurs most commonly in intravenous dmg abusers who skin pop (inject the dmg subcutaneously rather than intravenously), particularly ose using black tai heroin. It has also been reported rarely with open fractures, dental abscesses, lacerations, puncture wounds, gunshot wounds, and sinusitis. Manifestations of botulism occur after an incubation period of 1-3 weeks. 

Human Health At present, studies on the impact of POPs on human health are very limited in China. Most of the existing literature is focused on dietary studies, as the food chain is considered a major pathway for POPs to effect human health. Information on human health effects such as body burden and metabolism is insufficient and generally extrapolated from modeling data because few doctors have been involved in research on POPs exposures in China. Other exposures through respiration and skin as well as air and soil are seldom studied. 

Talk about milking a story. The newspapers got all excited when pop star Shania Twain revealed that the secret behind her soft, supple skin wasn t some complex, highly touted product filled with liposomes, collagen, or ceramides. The secret, she said, was udderly simple Bag Balm delivered the goods. Just as it had done for cow udders since 1908, when a small Vermont company decided to take the bull by the horns and tackle the chronic problem of chapped cow udders. 

One of the most worrisome aspects of aging is memory loss. We can put up with wrinkles, sagging skin, aches and pains, but the first time we forget a name it conjures up horrific visions of Alzheimer s disease. Most people, of course, do not go on to develop this dreaded disease, but they may very well have to put up with some memory loss as a consequence of senior citizenship. Can we do anything about it Is there some pill we can pop to improve memory ... 

More than 800 chemicals have been identified as being toxic to the skin. These include aliphatic, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ethers, glycols, aldehydes, ketones, inorganic oxidizers, heavy metals, acids, alkalis, pesticides, plasticizers, polynuclear aromatic compounds, POPs, and surfactants J1-3 A partial list of these is contained in Table 27.1. A more complete list is available on the Scorecard web site.I3 ... 

Pop-Iliev, R. Park, C.B. Single-step rotational foam molding of skin-surrounded polyethylene foams. J. Cell. Plast. 2003, 39 (1), 49-58. 

Spoon a small amount of the boiling jam onto a plate, pop the plate into the fridge, and allow to cool. The jam is ready if the sample forms a skin that is firm enough to wrinkle when you push it with your fingertip. If the sample remains completely fluid, continue to boil the jam for a few minutes, then re-test. 

Synonyms POP (18) butyl ether PPG (18) butyl ether Definition Polypropylene glycol ether of butyl alcohol Formula C,FI,(OCFIjCFICFl2) OFI, avg. n = 18 Properties Liq. insol. in water sol. in alcohol nonionic Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 9160 mg/kg mildly toxic by ingestion and skin contact skin irritant TSCA listed... 

Cetyl poly (oxyethylene) ether. See Ceteth Cetyl PPG-2 isodeceth-7 carboxylate Synonyms PEG-7-PPG-isodecyl ether carboxylic acid, cetyl ester POE (7) POP (2) isodecyl ether carboxylic acid, cetyl ester Definition Cetyl alcohol ester of the carboxylic acid obtained by the oxidation of an 8-mole ethoxylate, 2-mole propoxylate of isodecyl alcohol Uses Surfactant, emollient, skin conditioner in cosmetics solubilizer for cosmetic actives Trade Name Synonyms Velsan D8P-16 [Clariant http //www.ciariantcom http //WWW. ciariant-northamerica. com]... 

Some skin care preparations use polyethylene microbeads that serve as exfoli-ants. The particles in municipal waste reach the oceans via wastewater and are potent marine pollutants as well as a pathway that introduce concentrated persistent chemicals (POPs) in seawater to the marine food web (microparticles see Chapter 9). On recognizing the environmental damage posed by these, several leading manufacturers have pledged to phase out their use of these and to undertake research to identify nonpolluting replacement,... 

John was doing an experiment that required the use of dilute sulfuric acid. The instructor said that students should mix 1 part of concentrated sulfuric acid with 4 parts of water and that everyone should always add acid to water and not water to acid. John was not paying attention when the instructions were given and he added water to acid. There was a violent popping noise, the beaker became hot, and a mist formed over the solution, and some solution splattered out onto his skin and his partner s skin. 

As those unfortunate rescue workers peered at the reactor core, invisible particles pelted them. The particles were emitted by uranium atoms whose nuclei are like popcorn kernels about to pop. When the pop occurs, the nucleus breaks apart, showering pieces of itself (radiation) in all directions. Radiation can pass through skin and destroy or damage important molecules within cells. The total amount of energy absorbed by these workers was less than would be absorbed by them if they had fallen off a chair yet when delivered by radiation, it proved deadly. 

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