Sewage sludge pyrolysis

Pilot Plant Study on Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis... 

Fonts, I., et al., 2012. Sewage sludge pyrolysis for liquid production a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (5), 2781—2805. 

Stolarek, R, Ledakowicz, S. 2001. Thermal proeessing of sewage sludge by drying, pyrolysis, gasification and combustion. Water Sci Tech 44 333-339. 

Barrio et al. [137] used pyrolysis-gas chromatography to study organic matter evolution in sewage sludge-amended soils. Nitrogen-phosphorus specific flame ionisation and mass spectrometric detectors were used. 

Dominguez, A., J.A. Menendez, M. Inguanzo, P.L. Bemad, and J.J. Pis. 2003. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric study of the oil fractions produced by microwave-assisted pyrolysis of different sewage sludges. J. Chromatogr. A 1012 193-206. 

Menendez, J.A., A. Dominquez, M. Inguanzo, and JJ. Pis. 2005. Microwave-induced drying, pyrolysis and gasification (MWDPG) of sewage sludge Vitrification of the solid residue. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 74 406 112. 

W. Kaminsky and A. B. Kummer, Fluidized bed pyrolysis of digested sewage sludge, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 16,27-35 (1989). 

Another material treated with microwave pyrolysis has been sewage sludge. Disposal of this material, which is a by-product in wastewater treatment processes, is a considerable problem and currently accounts for up to 60% of the operational cost of wastewater treatment plants. Microwave pyrolysis of sludge provides a rapid and efficient process with reduced process time and energy requirements compared with conventional pyrolysis [54]. 

J. A. Menendez M. Inguanzo and J. J. Pis, Microwave-induced pyrolysis of sewage sludge. Water Research, 36, 3261-3264 (2002). 

J. A. Menendez et al.. Microwave pyrolysis of sewage sludge analysis of the gas fraction. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 71, 657-667 (2004). 

Results presented in this paper show that differences in the chemical composition of sewage sludge derived adsorbents lead to differences in their performance as adsorbents of acidic gases. It has been demonstrated that however some adsorption centers can be common for both gases, there are surface features on the sample pyrolized at 950 C which favor oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur. This is likely due to the catalytic action of the iron species. When adsorption of SOj takes part calcium species play a crucial role. Surface chemistry has also its effect on the physical form of sulfur deposited on the surface. It is either rhombic or monoclinic depending on the pyrolysis temperature and chemical changes imposed by heat treatment. 

Detailed results of the investigations using pyrolysis gas from coal [7, 8], sewage sludge [17], or biomass [18] for NO, reduction are published elsewhere. 

Other biohiels (beech, sewage sludge) behave similarly to straw during the pyrolysis. 

Several fuels have been tested on their NO reduction efficiency when pyrolysing them under different conditions. For further coiiqjarison the setting of 700 °C pyrolysis temperature and inert atmosphere in the entrained flow reactor has been chosen. Detailed results of experiments with coal [7, 8], biomass [18] and sewage sludge [17] pyrolysis gas have been published elsewhere. The results are integrated into Figure 13 for comparison. 

For about ten years now private companies and research institutions have undertaken R D-work in the field of pyrolysis or gasification of refuse, sewage sludge, plastics and rubber, or biomass, (table I). The potential advantages of PTGL-systems that stimulated this work are ... 

The authors had already conducted the laboratory scale study and the preliminary pilot plant study, and proposed that "drying-pyrolysis process" (pyrolysis followed by indirect steam drying of dewatered sludge cake) (Fig,-i) could be one of the most economical and feasible alternatives for conventional incineration process. The authors have further conducted the feasibility study on a continuous system of "drying-pyrolysis process to evaluate the performance of the process in pilot scale, and to demonstrate its effectiveness as a thermal processing of sewage sludge. This paper presents the results of this pilot plant study. 

A pilot plant study was carried out on "drying-pyrolysis" process in order to put the sludge pyrolysis process with multiple hearth furnace to a practical use. Additional studies were carried out on direct pyrolysis process and incineration process in order to compare these three thermal processings. The samples in this study were 5 dewatered cakes obtained from various sewage treatment plants and from various dewatering methods. The pilot plant for the experiments of this study consisted of a four-shaft indirect steam dryer with a total heating area of 10.1 m, a four hearth furnace with a total hearth area of 1.63 and its incidental facilities. 

These and other pyrolysis products show that sewage sludge with degraded lignocellulose material and bacterial biomass is an important source of particulate organic matter in river sediment of this heavily populated area in the Netherlands. 

Miikki V, Hanninen K, Knuutinen J, Hyotylainen J (1999) Pyrolysis of humic acids from digested and composted sewage sludge. Chemosphere 38, 247-253. 

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