Self-assembled monolayers overview

A logical division is made for the adsorption of nonelectrolytes according to whether they are in dilute or concentrated solution. In dilute solutions, the treatment is very similar to that for gas adsorption, whereas in concentrated binary mixtures the role of the solvent becomes more explicit. An important class of adsorbed materials, self-assembling monolayers, are briefly reviewed along with an overview of the essential features of polymer adsorption. The adsorption of electrolytes is treated briefly, mainly in terms of the exchange of components in an electrical double layer. 

Some improvement was observed with pentacene deposited on top of silane layers, but it was also observed that the silane deposition is not easy to control, and side-reactions often result in rough layers with considerable unreacted content remaining. An alternative approach relies on application of self-assembled monolayers which mimic vapor-deposited silanes [32, 33] on the dielectric interface of the organic devices. Figure 2.6 shows an overview of the different surface-treatment application methods discussed in this section. 

The synthesis, characterization and properties of nanomaterials have become very active areas of research in the last few years. In particular, nanostructured materials assembled by means of supramolecular organization offer many exciting possibilities. These include self-assembled monolayers and multilayers with different functionalities, intercalation in preassembled layered hosts and inorganic three-dimensional networks. The reader is referred to the special issue of Chemistry of Materials91 for an overview of present day interests. There are many recent reviews on the varied aspects of nanomaterials. The work of Alivisatos92 on the structural transitions, elec-... 

Surface-chemical gradients are mainly prepared via two systems self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) or polymer coatings, especially brush-like polymer coatings—Table 1 provides an overview of the different preparation methods for the generation of surface-chemical gradients and the applications for which they have been used. 

Jadhav SA (2011) Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of carboxylic acids an overview. Cent Eur J Chem 9(3) 369-378... 

Langmuir monolayers were reported by Mohwald and co-workers in 1986 1. Since then, scattering of X-rays has been successfully applied to elucidate the structure of condensed phases of monolayers at the water surface, self-assembled mono-layers and LB films. In addition, it has become possible to monitor by diffraction the growth and dissolution of 2D crystalline aggregates as well as structural changes in monolayers incurred upon phase transitions. There are several overviews of what has been achieved 2). 

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