Seed composition

Mature soybeans are oval shaped and their sizes are variety-dependent. The seed consists of three major parts seed coat or hull, cotyledon, and germ or hypocotyls. These structural components have the approximate composition shown in Table 2.1. 

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The indicated procedure for the production of a copolymer of predetermined final composition is to initiate a small amount of seed composition, M0, followed by the gradual addition of the monomers of the final composition, Pt. If the total charge of the addition monomer, P greatly exceeds the composition of M0 and the polymerization is stopped before all of the available monomer has been used up, the final product will consist substantially of composition Pt. 

The N values in Table VIII are highly constrained because of the use of Seed 1. As made, Seed 1 had 100% surfactant surface coverage and N =. 96. By adding additional surfactant, S could be varied upward, but relatively low values for N could not be achieved without producing extraordinarily high S values. To allow a wider range of N values, the monomer fed seed composition was developed and replicate Seeds 2 and 3 were prepared and used. These seeds had low S values and did allow relatively low N values to be obtained in the second stage polymerizations. Four S,... 

Conventional wisdom ascribes nucleation to microcrystalline type X which in the presence of die proper nutrients grows into a full yield of type Y with no trace of its type X initiator. The "seed" composition is essentially sodium metasilicate solution with the addition of a small amount of sodium aluminate Na2SiC>3 0.16 NaAlC>2 -21H2O. Comparatively little "seed" is necessary for a good Y synthesis as litde as 1% of die total AI2O3 may come from die seed. 

Seed composition is a very important trait in soybean. Since soybean is used for both oil and protein, breeders generally try to aim for 40% protein and 20% oil (on a dry matter basis). In most cases, to date, soybeans are not marketed on composition however, protein and oil content has been considered in the special purpose/food soybean market for many years. Recently, limited markets are available for commodity soybeans with specified oil and/or protein levels. Although both oil and protein levels are quantitative traits, breeding can readily alter them. As technology for rapidly, accurately, and inexpensively measuring oil and protein content in soybeans becomes available, seed composition will need to be a trait specifically selected for breeders. 

Wilson, R.E Seed composition. Soybeans Improvement, Production, and Uses-, Third Ed. H.R. Boer-ma, J.E. Specht, Eds. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America Madison, WI, 2004 pp. 621—677. 

Table 6.7. Soybean Seed Composition in Percentage at 13.0% Moisture Content as Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Oil from Commodity and Six Types of Genetically Modified Soybeans...

Gibson, L.R. R.E. Mullen. Soybean seed composition under high day and night growth temperatures./. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 1996, 73, 755-737. 

Nielsen, N.C. Soybean seed composition. Soybean Genetics, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Biotechnology in Agriculture D.P.S. Verma, R.C. Shoemaker, Eds., CAB International Wallingford, UK, 1996 No. 14, pp. 127—163. 

Thomas, J.M.G. K.J. Boote L.H. Allen, Jr. M. Gallo-Meagher J.M. Davis. Elevated temperature and carbon dioxide effects on soybean seed composition and transcript abundance. Crop Sci. 2003, 43, 1548-1557. 

Production By steam distillation of the aerial parts of the parsley plant, including the unripe seeds. Composition A major part of the oil consists of monoterpene hydrocarbons such as a- andP- pinenes, myrcene, limonene, P-phellandrene (see p-mentha-dienes). The occurrence of p-mentha-1,3,8-triene (usually between 20 and 30%) (C,oH,4, Mr 134.22) is characteristic and mainly responsible for Ae organoleptic impression. According to recent investigations a series of other trace components with widely varying structures also contributes to the typical parsley odor. The leaf oil also contains lower concentrations of those compounds that constitute the main components of parsley seed oil (see below). 

Triboi-Blondel, A. M., Bonnemoy, B., Falcimagne, R., Martingnac, M. and Messaoud, J. 2000. The effect of temperature from flowering to maturity on seed composition of high oleic sunflower inbreds and mid oleic hybrids. In Proceedings of the 15 International Sunflower Conference, Toulouse, France, pp. A67-A72. 

Wilson, R. F. 2004. Seed composition. In Soybeans Improvement, production and uses, Boerma, H. R. and Specht, J. E. (eds.). American Society of Agronomy, Madison, pp. 621-677. 

IFF has been studied both experimentally and mathematically in three categories of no-dopant IFF, dopant-IFP, and inhibitor-IFP. The two main emphases of IFP studies are to produce better GRINs and to produce a predictive tool (i.e., a mathematical model) to determine the ideal conditions to use to produce a desired material [11, 6, 30-32]. Experimental and mathematical work have been conducted from two aspects of the problem (i) product-driven to produce better optical products and (ii) studies to better understand the underlying kinetics as well as the effects that the change in parameters (i.e., initiator concentration, cure temperature, seed composition, amount of small or large molecular weight inhibitor, and dopant type and concentration) have. 

CAN E. COLI p-HYDROXYDECANOYL-ACP DEHYDRASE AND P-KETO-ACYL-ACP SYNTHASE I INTERACT WITH BRASSICA NAPUS FATTY ACID SYNTHASE TO ALTER OIL SEED COMPOSITION ... 

Can E.coli p-Hydroxydecanoyl-ACP Dehydrase and P-Keto-Acyl-ACP Synthase I Interact with Brassica napus Fatty Acid Synthase to Alter Oil Seed Composition ... 

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