Secale

By extraction of Secale cornutum (ergot) with e. g. benzene (1. step extraction of the neutral substances from the slightly acidic cellular substtince 2. step extraction of the ammonia alkaline substance). 

ANDREASEN M F, CHRISTENSEN L p, MEYER A s, HANSEN A (2000) Content of phenoHc acids and ferulic acid dehydrodimers in 17 rye (Secale cereale L.) varieties,VoMr a/ of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48, 2837-42. 

Another approach is the utilization of allelopathic rotational crops or companion plants in annual or perennial cropping systems (19). Living rye (Secale cereale L.) and its residues have been shown to provide nearly complete suppression of a variety of agroecosystem weeds (33). Similarly, residues of sorghums, barley, wheat and oats can provide exceptional suppression of certain weed species Q ). Although some progress has been made on identifying the allelochmicals from these plants, much remains to be accomplished. 

Rye (Secale cereale L.) and Wheat Triticum aestivum L.) Mulch The Suppression of Certain Broadleaved Weeds and the Isolation and Identification of Phytotoxins... 

Secale cereale (rye) Zea mays (maize) Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) Triticum aestivum (wheat)... 

Barnes JP, Putnam AR (1986) Evidence for allelopathy by residues and aqueous extracts of rye (Secale cereale). Weed Sci 34 384-390... 

Chase WR, Nair MG, Putnam AR (1991) 2,2 -Oxo-l,l -azobenzene Selective toxicity of rye (Secale cereale L.) allelochemicals to weed and crop species II. J Chem Ecol 17(1) 9—19... 

Other conditions in which ephedra is contraindicated are anxiety disorders, angle-closure glaucoma, prostate adenoma with residual urine volume, pheochromocytoma, and thyrotoxicosis (Gruenwald et al. 1998). Known medications that may interact adversely with ephedrine include heart glycosides, halothane, guanethidine, MAO inhibitors, secale alkaloids, and oxytocin. 

Avena sativa Medicago sativa Secale cereale Pisum sativum (residues) growth and ultimate yield affected an ephemeral nature f... 

Rhizopus, Penicillium, Claviceps purpurea (with Secale cereale)... 

There are few studies on vacuolar importation of flavonoids other than anthocyanins and PAs. Klein et al. reported uptake of flavone glycosides by isolated H. vulgare primary leaf vacuoles via a vacuolar H -ATPase linked mechanism,and by vacuoles from Secale cereale (rye) mesophyll via a possible ABC transporter mechanism. Li et al. "" found medicarpin conjugated to glutathione was also sequestered by an ABC transporter mechanism. 

Brown, J. and Tevini, M., Regulation of UV-protective pigment synthesis in the epidermal layer of rye seedlings (Secale cereale L. Cv. Kustro), Photochem. Photobiol, 51, 318, 1993. 

Rye, Secale cerealis United States Seed Whole... 

PLS, Secale cereale, sister chromatid exchange + NT 10000 Zhang etal. (1991)... 

Lynch, D.V. Steponkus, P.L. (1987). Plasma membrane lipid alterations associated with cold acclimation of winter rye seedlings (Secale cereale L. cv. Puma). Plant Physiology 83, 761-7. 

Nutritive value of foods and feedstuffs depends to a large degree on protein level and quality, i.e., the relative amounts of the component amino acids compared to the requirements of the animal for various metabolic functions. The cereal grains are notoriously low in certain essential amino acids. Usually lysine is the first or second limiting amino acid. The grain of rye (Secale cereale L.) exhibits an amino acid profile superior to that of other cereal grains, especially wheat (1,2,3,4,5). Despite this fact, lysine is still the first limiting amino acid in rye in most instances (6,7). 

Ephedra has negative interactions with cardiac heart glycosides, halothene, guanethidine, MAO inhibitors, and secale alkaloid derivatives or oxytocin. 

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