Scrubber sludge

Fiberglass manufacturing scrubber sludge Secondary and synthetic fiber Chemicals Variable-volume filter press 3 37... 

Figure 30-lA presents the integrated environmental control potential for maximum control of particulate matter and SO2. Cooling tower water blowdown and treatment by-products may be used to satisfy scrubber makeup requirements. Fly ash and scrubber sludge will be produced separately. If the catalytic NO, process is required, the integration issues will be increased significantly. 

Figure 30-lE includes a hot ESP for fly ash collection prior to a catalytic NO , unit. Having a hot ESP dictates the use of a conventional wet scrubber and perhaps the need for a second particulate matter control device at the end of the system. Fly ash and scrubber sludge would be separate byproducts, but sludge could be contaminated with NH4 from the catalytic NO process. 

Ash and scrubber sludge from thermal generation or power generation by utilities... 

Scrubbing for flue gases Solid Scrubber sludge... 

Grown in soils amended with scrubber sludge residues (4.1 g B/kg) from coal-fired power plant for 2-3 years... 

Ransome, C.S. and R.H. Dowdy. 1987. Soybean growth and boron distribution in a sandy soil amended with scrubber sludge. Jour. Environ. Qual. 16 171-175. 

A related area of research would include efforts to reduce the water requirements of flue gas treatment systems. This would be especially important to the wet throwaway systems most commonly used today. Research to improve the dewatering properties of scrubber sludge could be combined with the development of techniques to separate spent and unused sorbent, thus reducing both water and sorbent consumption while also reducing the volume and mass of solid waste to be handled. The use of waste or recycled water in flue gas treatment systems would also reduce water needs. Improved sludge stabilization methods that also remove water could also lower costs associated with both waste disposal and water consumption. 

Ihe third reason for environmental projections is that they may be able to identify emerging issues of importance. For example, the increased use of scrubbers over time may result in a problem in the disposal of scrubber sludge. As another example, the increasing importance of certain high-tech industries over time may indicate emerging hazardous waste disposal problems in certain regions of the country. 

Land pollution from mining wastes and disposal of scrubber sludge, i.e., calcium sulfate... 

Shoop, K.J. Blystone, S.S. Kawatra, S.K. Zeta potential measurements of the components of wet flue-gas scrubber sludge. In Proceedings of the 1996 SME Annual Meeting, Phoenix, AZ, Preprint No. 96-99, 1996. 

FGD scrubber sludge is the wet solid residue generated from the treatment of these emissions. The wet scrubber discharge is an off-white slurry with soUds... 

Dewatering of FGD scrubber sludge is ordinarily accompUshed by centrifuges or belt filter presses. 

Dewatered and unstabilized calcium sulfite FGD scrubber sludge consists of fine silt-clay sized particles with approximately 50% finer than 0.045 mm. It has... 

FGD scrubber material Stabilized base - Stabilized or fixated FGD scrubber material has been used successfully for road base construction, at a number of different sites in Florida, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Texas - Stabilization or fixation of FGD scrubber material can be accomphshed by the addition of quicklime and pozzolanic fly ash, Portland cement, or selfcementing fly ash - The FGD scrubber sludge is dewatered before the addition of stabilization or fixation reagents - Additional fixation reagents may need to be added for stabilized base construction in order to meet compressive strength or durability requirements 66-80... 

Almost all FGD scrubber sludge generated at the present time is disposed of in holding ponds or in landfills... 

Smith CL (1989) The first 100,000 tons of stabilized scrubber sludge in roadbase construction. Proc Power-Gen Conf, New Orleans, LA, p 725... 

Sludge is typically stabilized with fly ash and sludge produced in a wet scrubber may be disposed of in impoundments or below-grade landfills, or may be stabilized and disposed of in landfills. Dry scrubber sludge may be managed dry or wet. 

Scrubber sludge has also been used as a substitute backfill for regrading mine sites that are deficient in spoil for the establishment of the desired grade. Combustion by-products may contain high surface concentrations of arsenic, selenium, and boron. These elements are often quickly depleted from by-products. There is also the suggestion that combustion by-products will clean, rather than contaminate groundwater (Paul et al., 1993a,b). 

During the combustion of coal, the mineral matter is transformed into ash, part of which is fly ash discharged to the atmosphere as particles suspended in the flue gases and part of which is bottom ash removed from the base of the furnace. Furthermore, scrubber sludge is formed where sulfur dioxide scrubber facilities are employed. The quantity, particle size distribution and properties of fly ash are directly related to the combustion technique applied and the constitution of the coal. 

Samanta, S. C., 1977, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Stabilized SO2 Scrubber Sludges, paper presented at the Sixth Environmental Engineering and Science Conference, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, Feb. 28. 

Fuel ash and scrubber sludge from power generation by utilities Oil and gas drilling muds byproduct brine from petroleum production Cement kiln dust... 

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