Screening data, review

Fourteen formulations of chemical alternatives were submitted to EPA under confidentiality and they were assessed based on numerous human health and ecotoxicity endpoints in addition to bioaccumulation potential and environmental persistence. They were also screened for potential exposure to workers, users and the aquatic environment. Where data gaps existed, EPA experts used models and chemical analogs to estimate the hazard for a particular endpoint. The literature and test data reviews were published in the final report, Environmentally Preferable Options for Furniture Fire Safety Low Density Furniture Foam . In addition, each hazard endpoint was ranked with a concern level (High, Moderate or Low) based on the criteria used by the EPA s New Chemicals Program to rate the concern level of new chemicals submitted under the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA). As seen in Figure 8.2, where the hazard endpoint rankings are bold, the value is based on experimental data. Where the hazard endpoints are presented in italic font, the value is estimated based on models or chemical analogs. In this way, detailed hazard information was summarized and presented in a clear and concise format. 

RL SOP No. 70-3, dated June 1, 1967, describes methods used at Edgewood for searching for and selecting toxic chemicals. Some of the details In connection with exposure of human volunteers to experimental irritant chemicals are described. Human volunteers were exposed to compounds after review of animal screening data and approval by committees based on a conclusion that the experimental chemicals were safe for human use. Generally, two volunteers were exposed to each substance. Subjects were exposed in a wind tunnel at an airspeed of 5 mph and were asked to resist leaving the test atmosphere (up to 1 min) until exposure was unbearable. 

Obtain and review reactive chemical screening data as a research project progresses. 

As indicated above, the focus of this review is on curated databases containing chemical structure and biological activity taken from literature sources. We nevertheless recognise the existence of a growing number of databases that also contain such structure and activity data but which do not fall within our primary scope. Of particular relevance here are databases that contain "raw" screening data, often generated by publicly-funded research initiatives. Two prominent examples are Pubchem [4] and Chembank [5]. 

Introduction - Following the format of previous editions of this chapter the discussion of compounds Is divided on the basis of established or projected clinical use and to a lesser extent on the basis of pharmacological properties rather than on the basis of chemical structure. An effort was made to exclude those depressants more properly classified as antipsychotics and antianxiety agents which are discussed In Chapter 1, although there Is undoubtedly some overlap. Further, an effort was made to scan all of the published literature In the subject therapeutic areas, but only those compounds with more than preliminary pharmacological screening data or representative of new structures were selected for Inclusion In the review. 

The main objective of the In-Plant Reliability Data System (IPRDS) was to develop a comprehensive and component-specific data base for PRA and other component reliability-related statistical analysis. Data base personnel visited selected plants and copied all the plant maintenance wor)c requests. They also gathered plant equipment lists and plant drawings and in some cases interviewed plant personnel for Information on component populations and duty cycles. Subsequently, the maintenance records were screened to separate out the cases of corrective maintenance applying to particular components these were reviewed to determine such things as failure modes, severity, and, if possible, failure cause. The data from these reports were encoded into a computerized data base. 

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