Research initiative

Support for this work was provided by ONR Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Grant NOOOl4-95-1-1315, by ONR Grant NOOOl4-95-1-0901, and by NSF Grant HRD-9450475. 

R. R. Burnette, Transdermal Drug Delivery Developmental Issues and Research Initiatives., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1989, pp. 247—291. 

After many years of research initiated in the 1970s, ICI introduced polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate copolymers in 1990. Because of their particularly interesting manufaeturing technology, these materials are dealt with in depth separately in the next section. 

The polyacetylene cell has been most extensively researched Initially,... 

Air, soil, and water are vital to life on this planet. We mnst protect these resonrces and nse them wisely— onr snrvival as a species depends on them. Despite recent impressive strides in improving the environment, evidence is overwhelming that more effective action mnst be taken to address snch critical issnes as acid rain, hazardons waste disposal, hazardous waste landfills, and groundwater contamination. It is also vital that we assess realistically the potential health and enviromnental impacts of emerging chemical products and technologies. The problems are clearly complex and demand a broad array of new research initiatives. 

National Creative Research Initiative Center for Oxide Nanocrystalline Materials and School of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, South Korea, Fax 82-2-888-1604, thyeon plaza.snu.ac.kr... 

We would like to thank the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology for the financial support through the National Creative Research Initiative Program. 

This work is supported by the Research Initiation Program at Ajou University (20041340). REFERENCES... 

Department of Chemsitry, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea National Creative Research Initiative Center for Smart Supramolecules and Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31 Hyojadong, 790-784 Pohang, Republic of Korea E-mail kkim postech.ac.kr... 

Acknowledgments. Our work described here has been supported by the Creative Research Initiatives Program and International Joint R D Projects of the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology, and in part by the Bain Korea 21 Program of the Korean Ministry of Education. We also thank Dr. S. Samal for helpful discussions in preparing the manuscript. 

I mentioned that the automotive composites consortium is working with NIST, under one of the CRADAs. CRADA once an obscure acronym, has become very popular in Washington, DC. If federal research initiatives are to be fully successful, the results of this research must be transferred to industry, where they can form the basis for new and enhanced products and processes. Traditional mechanisms exist (such as contracts, patent licensing, and the like), but I don t think any of them are quite as powerful as the CRADA... 

Since the implementation of the RoHS Directive, many problems have already been addressed and hazardous components have been limited or banned. The outcome of the RISKCYCLE project and further research initiatives could be a reason to extend the scope of the directive either by a broader scope (not only electrical and electronic equipment) or by extending the catalogue of restricted substances (Annex II of the Directive). 

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program. 

The National Science Foundation (NSF) provides support to all the basic sciences and engineering in universities. NSF support of chemistry is very important, both the support directed to fundamental research initiated by individual investigators and the research done in research centers such as those aimed at developing new materials or at understanding and improving the environment. The support is critical, but more is needed for the chemistry division of NSF to achieve its objectives.10 Considering the importance of basic and applied chemistry and chemical engineering to the economic future of the United States, it seems that an increase in the ability of NSF to support fundamental and applied chemical science is warranted. 

Nuclear energy for propulsion of aircraft (NEPA) program, 17 589-590 Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI), 17 598 Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI), 13 847... 

Research initiatives, competitive advantage from, 24 393 Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM), 73 388 Research management... 

In 2003 the Department of Energy announced FutureGen, also known as the Integrated Sequestration and Hydrogen Research Initiative. This is a 10-year, billion dollar project to produce a 275-MW prototype plant that will cogenerate electricity and hydrogen and sequester 90% of the C02. 

The ITER R D project is the latest international research initiative on nuclear fusion for power generation. The ITER initiative has partners from the European Union, including Switzerland, Japan, Russia, China, South Korea, India and the United States. The project is expected to run for the next 30 years, of which 10 years will be needed for construction of the reactor in Cadarache, France, and 20 years for operation. The cost is approximately 10 billion and the first plasma operation is... 

FutureGen, Integrated Hydrogen, Electric Power Production and Carbon Sequestration Research Initiative, U.S. Department of Energy, March 2004. Available at http // www.fossil.energy.gov... 

The author is grateful for support from the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the University of Maryland Designated Research Initiative Fund. 

These eight research initiatives will require new strategies to ensure uniform analytical quality and comparability, and each of these areas could benefit to a greater or lesser extent from the availability of appropriate reference materials. Discussions at the Workshop (Islamorada, Florida in September 2001) held as part of this process helped the committee to clarify the ocean science community s perspectives on this, and... 

Precisely in the last formulations the reception of resnlts of general iimovation research becomes clear, which conseqnently also played an important role in designing the questions in the riw-project. In many ways the Research initiative on sustainability and innovation - General framework for iimovations for a sustainable economy ( riw), in the context of which the SnbChem project was also promoted, ties in with the findings of FlU and certain findings of general innovation... 

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