Philosophy science

The quahtative jump of consciousness to a higher level results in transcending the fuzziness. As far as consciousness is a holistic characteristic of human, and perhaps not just of human, nature and not only a product of mind, its growth and transformation are possible when the factors responsible for the integrity of all three inseparable constituents of human individuality, which are body, mind and soul, become simultaneously activated. This simultaneous activation ( firing ) is referred to as a consciousness resonance and hence, the fuzziness of understanding can be transcended when the consciousness resonance occurs.  

Eirstly, there is convincing evidence to suggest that human meaning, and consequently, our interpretation and understanding of words, terms and phrases changes over time [26,27]. 

Verifiability of scientific knowledge or theories by logical positivists means on the classical grounds that the demarcation of science concerning a phenomenon is equal to 1 without giving room for falsification of Popper (1902-1995). The conflict between veriflability and falsiflability of scientiflc theories includes philosophical grounds that are fuzzy but many scientific philosophers concluded the 

A random (or chance) phenomenon is an empirical phenomenon characterized by the property that its observation under a given set of circumstances does not always lead to the same observed outcome (so that there is no deterministic regularity) but rather to different outcomes in such a way that there is a statistical regularity. 

Deterministic phenomena are those in which outcomes of the individual events are predictable with complete certainty under any given set of circumstances, if the initial conditions are knovm. In the physical and astronomical sciences, traditionally deterministic nature of the phenomena is assumed. It is, therefore, necessary in the use of such approaches the validity of the assumption sets and initial conditions. In a way, with idealization concepts, assumptions and simplifications, deterministic scientific researches yield conclusions in the forms of algorithms, procedures or mathematical formulations, which should be used with caution for restrictive circumstances. The very essence of determinism is the idealization and assumptions so that uncertain phenomenon becomes graspable and conceivable to work with the available physical concepts and mathematical procedures. In a way, idealization and assumption sets render uncertain phenomenon into conceptually certain situation by trashing out the uncertainty components. A significant question that may be asked at this point is whether there is not any benefit from the deterministic approaches in the earth and atmospheric studies, where the events are uncertain The answer is affirmative, because in spite of the simplifying assumptions and idealizations, the skeleton of the uncertain phenomenon is captured by the deterministic methods. 

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The invention of the telescope arguably constitutes an essential milestone in the history of science. Galileo s turning to the sky an instrument - a very modest one by today s standard- would not only change radically our understanding of the universe, it would eventually shatter the foundations of science, philosophy, and faith. 

Serres, Michael.Hermes literature, science, philosophy. Edited by Josue V. Harari and David F. Bell. Translated by Josue V. Harari and David F. Bell. Baltimore , 1982. 

Subbarayappa, B.V., ed.Chemistry and chemical techniques in India / edited by B.V. Subbarayappa. Delhi New Delhi Project of History of Indian Science Philosophy, and Culture Centre for Studies in Civilizations Distributed by Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1999. xxvi, 381 p. 

The modern Alchemist is, according to Levi s extended definition, literally a Symbolist. Moreover, the ever symbolizing Alchemist is simultaneously employed in the service of Art, Science, Philosophy, and Religion. As Levi grandly put it. 

This is a remarkably lucid and comprehensive introduction to the social scii ences for students of political science, philosophy, sociology, and econom- -ics. It will also prove fascinating to any nonacademic readers who want to understand a little better the forces governing human behavior in its social context... 

Cohen, G. A. Karl Marx and the withering away of social science. Philosophy and Public Affairs 1 (1972), 182-203. Reprinted as an appendix to Karl Marx s Theory of History (see below). 

Burian, R. M., More Than a Marriage of Convenience On the Inextricability of History and Philosophy of Science , Philosophy of Science, 44 (1977), pp. 1-42. 

Nayak, A.C. and E. Sotnak (1995) Kant on the impossibility of the soft sciences , Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 55 133-151. 

Doppelt, G. 1990. The Naturalist Conception of Methodological Standards in Science. Philosophy of Science 57 1-19. 

Siegel, H. 1985. What is the Question Concerning the Rationality of Science Philosophy of Science 52 517-537. 

Essays on Marxism and Science, Philosophy of Culture and the Social Sciences. In Honor of Robert S. Cohen. 1995 ISBN 0-7923-2989-9... 

XI believe that this is the key to the interpretation of Comte s strange remarks 44 Every attempt to employ mathematical methods in the study of chemical questions must be considered profoundly irrational and contrary to the spirit of chemistry. If mathematical analysis should ever hold a prominent place in chemistry—an aberration which is happily almost impossible—it would occasion a rapid and widespread degeneration of that science. —Philosophie Positive, 1830. 

Vernadsky draws the demarcation line between science proper and non-science, and between science and philosophy in particular, somewhere inside of what he calls the scientific worldview. He emphasised that it is sometimes very difficult to identify this line , J eering and going into a sophisticated mosaic of contemporary scientific worldview it is difficult to decide what in this worldview can be referred to as alien to scientific areas of human thought and what can be regarded as a result of pure scientific thinking" (Vernadsky, 1988 , p. 416). AH forms of spiritual activity play an important role in the development of science. Philosophy plays an especially important role An apparatus of scientific thought is cmde and imperfect it is improved, most of all, by means of the philosophical work of human consciousness" (Vernadsky, 1988, p. 72). In... 

Vernadsky shows an essential difference between science, philosophy and religion. 

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