Extender definition

Any text on acids and bases would not be deemed complete if mention were not made of the extended definition of acids and bases that is embodied in the Lowry-Bronsted theory. The theory basically proposed a more general definition of acids and bases to overpower the limitations of the theory arising from the Arrhenius concept. 

The examples cited in this chapter are but a rather small and arbitrary selection from the richly varied possibilities for supramolecular bonding. Recognition of the intrinsic chemical (partially covalent, exchange-type) character of supramolecular interactions leads inevitably to an extended definition of chemistry that includes many aspects of nanoscale aggregation, structure, and function in the biophysical and material-science domains. From this viewpoint, the molecule is seen to be... 

This previous definition had been broadened after the FDA s issue of the PAT guidance document to encompass aU factors influencing the quality and efficiency of a chemical or pharmaceutical manufacturing process. Driven by developments in Six-Sigma and operational excellence programs an extended definition included such items as ... 

The modern Alchemist is, according to Levi s extended definition, literally a Symbolist. Moreover, the ever symbolizing Alchemist is simultaneously employed in the service of Art, Science, Philosophy, and Religion. As Levi grandly put it. 

The usual definition of a neuroprotectant is an agent that aims to prevent neuronal death by inhibiting one or more of the pathophysiological steps in the processes that follow injury to the central nervous system (CNS) or ischemia due to occlusion of an artery or hypoxia due to any cause. This definition has now been extended to include protection against neurodegeneration and neurotoxins. The extended definition includes interventions that slows or halts the progression of neuronal degeneration. 

If there are other work terms, the reversible forms of which are Svv oth = L dl, where l is a displacement coordinate and L is the force conjugate to the displacement coordinate, we will include additional terms of the form —LI in the definition of the enthalpy. Although not all authors adopt this extended definition, it is necessary, as shown below, to maintain the form of Eq. (23). 

The distribution of the dispersed particle size is divided into m - 1 groups in the order of size, and each group is considered to be individual component. Additionally, the continuous phase is treated as another component. From this consideration, the mixing can be treated as m-component mixing, and the multi-component mixedness defined by Eq. (2.43) in the previous section can be applied. The extended definition of mixedness for the mixing of the continuous phase and dispersion phase can be expressed as... 

Along with the isomerism of linear copolymers due to various distributions of different monomeric units in their chains, other kinds of isomerisms are known. They can appear even in homopolymer molecules, provided several fashions exist for a monomer to enter in the polymer chain in the course of the synthesis. So, asymmetric monomeric units can be coupled in macromolecules according to "head-to-tail" or "head-to-head"—"tail-to-tail" type of arrangement. Apart from such a constitutional isomerism, stereoisomerism can be also inherent to some of the polymers. Isomers can sometimes substantially vary in performance properties that should be taken into account when choosing the kinetic model. The principal types of such an account are analogous to those considered in the foregoing. The only distinction consists in more extended definition of possible states of a stochastic process of conventional movement along a polymer chain. 

The extended definitions for ring inversion and (ring) pseudorotation will be used in the present chapter, unless stated to the contrary. These definitions are independent of mechanism, unUke Hendrickson s usage of... 

In addition to the above cross-flow reactors of extended definition, the block of thin-walled spiral-tubular-membrane catalyst reactor and the double-spiral coiled-plate-membrane reactor may be included [30-33]. 

Frequently, however, you will find it necessary to provide an extended definition—that is, a longer, more detailed explanation that thoroughly defines the subject. Essays of extended definitions are quite common think, for instance, of the articles you ve seen on mercy killing or abortion that define life in a variety of ways. Other recent essays have grappled with such complex concepts as free speech, animal rights, pornography, affirmative action, and domestic violence. 

Essays of extended definition are usually written for one or more of the following reasons ... 

Here are four suggestions to help you prepare your essay of extended definition ... 

To illustrate some of the methods suggested here, let s suppose you wanted to write an extended definition of crossover country music. You might choose one or more of these methods ... 

Here is a list of don ts for the writer of extended definition essays ... 

As you write your rough drafts, consult Chapter 5 for guidance through the revision process. In addition, here are a few questions to ask yourself as you revise your extended definition essay ... 

Although cyanogen is a distinct molecule (below), that term sometimes is used to describe any substance that forms cyanide in the body. By this extended definition, cyanogen chloride is a cyanogen. 

A], hence we can say that only 54% answered it. The distracters [B], [C] and [D] were chosen 10%, 4% and 3%, respectively. The explanation given by one student in an advanced class is exemplary and reads There is no 02, so that no CuO can be formed, nevertheless a redox reaction takes place, but only with chlorine . Despite the knowledge of the extended definition, an electron transfer was not added to the interpretation, even the advanced students prefer to work with the more familiar oxygen definition the extended definition is only used when there is no obvious connection to oxygen. 

The symbol Ts here refers to an extended definition, valid in any infinitesimal function-neighborhood of a normalized ground state, such that... 

Almost any divalent polyhedron, spherical, toroidal, or of higher genus, is at least conceivably a candidate for an sp carbon framework if reasonable bond lengths and angles can be achieved, and so there has naturally been some discussion in the literature of extended definitions of fullerenes (e.g.. Refs. 8-17). Exotic topologies are dealt with elsewhere in the present volume in the chapters by Kirby and Klein, but even within the class of pseudospherical polyhedra other face sizes are possible. The Euler formula for an n-vertex divalent spherical polyhedron is... 

In a complex plant the units form a system that can be understood at best by simulation. Taking into account the evolution in the last decades, we may formulate a more extended definition as ... 

---