Saw dust

Thermal degradation of isocyanates occurs on heating above 100—120°C. This reaction is exothermic, and a mnaway reaction can occur at temperatures >175° C. In view of the heat sensitivity of isocyanates, it is necessary to melt MDl with caution and to foUow suppHers recommendation. Disposal of empty containers, isocyanate waste materials, and decontamination of spilled isocyanates are best conducted using water or alcohols containing small amounts of ammonia or detergent. Eor example, a mixture of 50% ethanol, 2-propanol, or butanol 45% water, and 5% ammonia can be used to neutrali2e isocyanate waste and spills. Spills and leaks of isocyanates should be contained immediately, ie, by dyking with an absorbent material, such as saw dust. 

Fuel treatments have been used for very many years as an aid to improving the combustion efficiency process. Old formulations often used saw dust, wood flour, common salt, zinc sludge, ground oyster shell, and similar crude ingredients, but could still provide a dramatic effect when thrown into a fire. The metallic salts present (sodium in salt, zinc in sludge, and calcium in shell) acted as catalysts that dramatically lowered the ignition temperature of soot deposits from around 1100 °F/590 °C to only 600 °C/315 °C the fire burned vigorously and the soot disappeared. 

The change in structure of whole wood as in saw dust from birch (Fig. 13A) on hydrolysis (Fig. 3B) is easily observed. The changes in signals of cellulose are especially evident. 

Pre-studies and a small field experiment were made in 1998. In the theoretical study a cooling need of 1,000 MWh was assumed, and natural melting of a 15,000 and a 30,000 m3 snow pile without cover and with 0.1 and 0.2 m of saw dust as insulation was simulated (Nordell and Sundin, 1998). 

The simulations showed that 15,000 m3 of snow was not enough in any case. An un-insulated 30,000 m3 snow pile would be gone by mid-June and consequently the storage had to be thermally insulated. With 0.1 and 0.2 m of saw dust as thermal insulation the remaining snow volumes were 12,169 and 19,040 m3, Figure 202. 

Feldspar, among many natural substances such as termite mount-clay, saw dust, kaolinite, and dolomite, offers significant removal ability for phosphate, sulfate, and color colloids. Optimization laboratory tests of parameters such as solution pH and flow rate, resulted in a maximum efficiency for removal of phosphate (42%), sulfate (52%), and color colloids (73%), x-ray diffraction, adsorption isotherms test, and recovery studies suggest that the removal process of anions occurs via ion exchange in conjunction with surface adsorption. Furthermore, reaction rate studies indicated that the removal of these pollutants by feldspar follows first-order kinetics. Percent removal efficiencies, even under optimized conditions, will be expected to be somewhat less for industrial effluents in actual operations due to the effects of interfering substances [58]. 

Heracline. British explosive (1875), containing about equal amounts of each of the following compounds KN03, NaN03, sulfur and saw- dust, to which was added about 0.5% of Picric Acid ... 

Mainly lavatory pans and combinations of pans and cisterns are tested on their performance by means of a number of experiments. In the saw dust test the pan is sprinkled with 20 grammes of saw dust 5 times. By flushing once you should be able to remove most of the saw dust. In another test sponges shapes like faeces are placed in the pan and flushed away. The splash test is used to determine the amount of splashing water during flushing and whether or not it all ends up in the pan. 

Molasses, fruit juice, corns, bagasse, Jerusalem artichockes, cassava, whey, sulfite liquor, saw dust and other wood by-products are used as substrates for alcohol and glycerin production. Starch-based substrates should be first saccharified by amylases prepared from barley, fungi or bacteria. Cellulosic materials must also be chemically or enzymatically hydrolyzed before being used as substrates for alcohol production. Clostridium species contain amylases and are able to convert starch and cellulose directly16). 

CBPC matrix composites can incorporate a high volume of industrial waste streams such as fly ash, mineral waste such as iron taUings and Bayer process residue from the aluminum industry (red mud), machining swarfs from the automobile industry, and forest product waste such as saw dust and wood chips. Table 14.1 lists some of these waste streams and potential products or applications. 

Wood chips, saw dust [4] -50 Thermally insulating structural products... 

As listed in Table 14.1, various other waste streams can be incorporated in Ceramicrete to produce useful ceramic matrix composites. In addition to those listed in the table, Wagh and his group have explored incorporating drill cuttings from oil fields, slags from iron industry, wood chips, saw dust, and many other waste streams [8]. Most of these studies were limited to proof of concept, and more work is needed to demonstrate concept usefulness. Here, we discuss case studies on swarfs and red mud in which detailed work has been done. 

In fact it seems very unlikely that some of man s early machines would have worked at all without lubricants. One of the fastest ways to produce wood dust ("saw-dust") is to operate a wooden bearing without a lubricant. A very effective way to soften and weld metals is to operate a metallic bearing without a lubricant. Without lubricants the early geniuses who invented potter s wheels or chariot axles would have generated such rapid wear or seizure that they would probably have given up and gone back to some useful activity like hunting. 

GOLD — Another Dissolvent. Take two ounces of Saltpetre, half an ounce of very dry Saw-dust of Walnut-wood. Reduce the whole into an impalpable powder. Fill a large nut-shell as full as it will hold with this powder, and thereon [that is, upon the powder] place a small plate of fine Gold, so as to cover it completely. Cover the plate with another layer of powder about the thickness of a finger and then you will see by experience that the plate will melt and go down to the bottom of the shell, without the shell being burnt. The same experiment may be made with other metals. 

Mineralorganic fillers can be produced by mixing mineral fillers, like ash from heating and power plants, chalk, glass spheres, etc., with organic fillers such as saw-dust, ground nut shells, starch, etc. These immense possibilities have not been exploited yet. 

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