Saran carbon

Adams, L. B. and Boucher, E. A., Activation of Saran carbon fibers and powders with carbon dioxide, Carbon, 1978, 16(1), 75 76. 

Carbonized Resins Saran Carbon Carbosive B, S Ambersorb XE-340,... 

Figure 5. A collection efficiency of activated coconut-base carbon and Saran carbon for vinyl chloride (4)...

Boucher EA, Cooper RN and Everett DH (1970), Preparation and studies of Saran-carbon fibres. Carbon, 8(5), pp. 597-605. 

Adams LB, Boucher EA and Everett DH (1970), Adsorption of organic vapours by Saran-carbon fibers and powders. Carbon, 8(6), jp. 761-772. 

Sulfurized Saran carbon carbonized at 900°C and loaded with varying amounts of sulfur between 1 and 12% was used by Sinha and Walker for the removal of mercury vapors from the air or steam. When the contaminated stream was passed through the carbon bed at 150 C, the breakthrough time increased and the mercury buildup in the effluent stream was also very low compared to the unsulfurized carbon. This was attributed to the reaction of mercury with sulfur on the carbon surface, forming mercuric sulfide. Lopez-Gonzalev et found that sulfurized activated carbons were better adsorbents for the removal of HgCl2 from aqueous solutions. 

Figure 4.27. DRIFT spectra for a Saran carbon (HTT 900 °C) following increasing extents of oxidation. Carbon (a) has received no oxidation (Fanning and Vannice, 1993).

Carbon blacks and a Saran carbon (a mixture of vinyl chloride with polyvinyl chloride) were oxidized in air or by nitric acid. Figure 4.27 is a collection of DRIFT spectra (see Section 4.7.3) obtained from the Saran carbon when progressively oxidized. 

Fig. 4.24 Heat of immersion of a carbon (prepared by pyrolysis of Saran Polymer A) in different liquids at 300 K. The liquids for points 1-6 were (I) methanol (2) benzene (3) n-hexane (4) 3-methyl benzene (5) 2,2-dimethyl butane (6) 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane. The abscissae represent the molar volumes of the liquids. (Redrawn from the original diagram of Barton, Beswick and Harrison. " )...

Among nonmetallic materials, glass, chemical stoneware, enameled steel, acid-proof brick, carbon, graphite, and wood are resistant to iodine and its solutions under suitable conditions, but carbon and graphite may be subject to attack. Polytetrafluoroethylene withstands Hquid iodine and its vapor up to 200°C although it discolors. Cloth fabrics made of Saran, a vinyHdene chloride polymer, have lasted for several years when used in the filtration of iodine recovered from oil-weU brines (64). 

Carbon steel Sch. 40 Fiberglass reinforced polyester Fiberglass reinforced vinylester Glass pipe Aluminum Sch. 40 304 stainless steel Sch. 5 Saran-lined steel Polypropylene- lined steel Rubber-linedsteel Sch. 40 316 stainless steel Sch. 5 304 stainless steel Sch. 40 Kynar-Ifned steel 316 stainless steel Sch. 40 Alloy 20 Sch. 5 FEP Teflon-lined steel PFA Teflon-lined steel Armored-glass pipe PTFE Teflon-lined steel Monel 400 Sch. 5 Nickel 200 Sch. 5 Alloy 20 Sch. 40 Monel 400 Sch. 40 Inconel 600 Sch. 5 Titanium Sch. 5 Nickel 200 Sch. 40 Titanium Sch. 40 Inconel 600 Sch. 40 Glass-lined steel Sch. 40 Hastelloy C-276 Sch. 5 Zirconium Sch. 5 Hastelloy B Sch. 5 Zirconium Sch. 40 Hastelloy C-276 Sch. 40 Hastelloy B Sch. 40 Tantalum-lined steel Sch. 5 Tantalum-lined steel Sch. 40... 

Poly- propylene poly- ethylene CAB" ABSf PVC Saran Polyester glass 1 Epoxy glass phenolic asbestos Fluoro- carbons Chlorinated polyether (Penton) Poly- carbonate... 

There are several types of mesh available, and these are identified by mesh thickness, density, wire diameter and weave pattern. Table 4-9 identifies most of the commercial material now available. The knitted pads are available in any material that can be formed into the necessary weaves, this includes stainless steels, monel, nickel, copper, aluminum, carbon steel, tantalum, Hastelloy, Saran, polyethylene, fluoropolymer, and glass multi-filament. 

Carbon steel Sch, 40 Fiberglass reinforced polyester Fiberglass reinforced vinylester Glass pipe Aluminurn Sch. 40 304 Stainless steel Sch. 5 Saran lined steel Polypropylene- (tned steel Rijbbe -lined steel Seh. 40 316 stainless steel Sct>, 5 304 stainless steel Sch. 40 Kynar-linied steel 316 stainless steel Scb. 40... 

Species (A) and (B) constitute the main class of unsaturated carbenes and play important roles as reactive intermediates due to the very electron-deficient carbon Cl [1]. Once they are coordinated with an electron-rich transition metal, metal vinylidene (C) and allenylidene (D) complexes are formed (Scheme 4.1). Since the first example of mononuclear vinylidene complexes was reported by King and Saran in 1972 [2] and isolated and structurally characterized by Ibers and Kirchner in 1974 [3], transition metal vinylidene and allenylidene complexes have attracted considerable interest because of their role in carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions as well as alkene and enyne metathesis [4]. Over the last three decades, many reviews [4—18] have been contributed on various aspects of the chemistry of metal vinylidene and allenylidene complexes. A number of theoretical studies have also been carried out [19-43]. However, a review of the theoretical aspects of the metal vinylidene and allenylidene complexes is very limited [44]. This chapter will cover theoretical aspects of metal vinylidene and allenylidene complexes. The following aspects vdll be reviewed ... 

Carbon materials were obtained from polymeric precursors produced by chemical dehydrochlorination of polyvinyl chloride-polyvinyUdene chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride in the presence of a strong base, followed by subsequent thermal treatment under relatively mild conditions. The sorbents obtained have three types of pores ultra-micropores, miaopores, and mesopores. hi this respect, they differ substantially from microporous activated carbons such as Saran, conventionally prepared from chlorinated polymers by thermal treatment without chemical dehydrochlorination. 

Poly(vinylidene chloride) may be obtained from The Dow Chemical Co. as a white powder, designated saran A. To prepare saran charcoal from this powder it is first pressed into a convenient shape by use of a hydraulic press and steel die at a pressure of 15,000 p.s.i. The compressed polymer is then heated slowly in vacuo, starting at 125° C. and gradually increasing the temperature up to 750° C. The heating process takes about 3 weeks and the resulting piece of carbon retains the shape of the original polymer but is reduced in size in all directions by about 20%. 

Saran charcoal is a hard, strong, and highly porous form of carbon. The pores are believed to be very fine and uniform, slotlike in cross section, and between 12 and 15 A. in width in their narrowest dimension (6). 

A pioneering investigation of the adsorption of water vapour by Saran charcoal (an ultramicroporous carbon) was carried out by Dacey et al., (1958). The isotherm at 55°C had the well-defined Type V character with a steep riser at p/p° 0.5-0.6. There was a small amount of low-pressure hysteresis, but the isotherm appeared to be completely reversible at p/p° > 0.55. 

Scattering data for a cellulose char sample activated isothermally at 425°C are presented in Figure 6. These data show that this carbon, like the saran char, initially exhibits a significant amount of microporosity, as indicated by the plateau centered at about q = O.lA". The Porod invariants for these data initially increase and then decrease with activation, also like the saran char. The scattering data, corrected by the PI values, are presented in Figure 7, which shows somewhat different behavior than for the saran char. 

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