Running costs Subject

Disadvantages Possible interaction effects on other buried structures (Section 10.6) subject to the availability of a suitable a.c. supply source or other source of d.c. regular electrical maintenance checks and inspection required running costs for electrical supply (usually not very high except in the case of bare marine structures and in power stations where structures are often bare and include bimetallic couples) subject to power shutdowns and failures. 

Table 1. Optimal values of decision variables, long run costs per unit time, and average availability. A, for various values of the parameters of the failure model and inspection policy. Unit of time is unspecified for reasons of confidentiality. Results for two decision criteria minimization of maintenance cost subject to required availability (min C s.t. A = a) minimization of total cost, including cost of unmet demand (min C2). 

Similarly, the number and types of tests completed will influence the cost in ways that can be very complex. Recently, the author was involved in designing a proof-of-principle study intended to assess the ability of a dietary supplement to enhance weight loss among subjects instructed to follow a reduced energy diet. Sample size calculations were run for two scenarios, the first using change in body weight as the primary outcome variable, the... 

Some of the challenges facing the industrial laboratory are limited resources, cost containment, productivity, timeliness of test results, chemical safety, spent chemicals disposal, technician capability, analytical capability, disappearing skills, and reliability of test results. The present R D climate in the chemical industry is one of downsizing at corporate level (lean and mean), erosion of boundaries between basic and applied science, and polymer science and analytical chemistry as Cinderella subjects. Difficult chemical analyses are often run by insufficiently skilled workers (a managerial issue). 

Adverse climatic conditions at a site will increase costs. Abnormally low temperatures will require the provision of additional insulation and special heating for equipment and pipe runs. Stronger structures will be needed at locations subject to high winds (cyclone/hurricane areas) or earthquakes. 

There have been hundreds of investigations and reports on the IND/NDA system. Numerous analyses have been done of the costs and benefits, and hundreds of recommendations have been made about ways to improve the system. Feelings run deep on these subjects, and the philosophical and emotional element often dwarfs the factual and analytical element. 

How does the interested individual secure copies Primarily by applying to the issuing committee. And this presupposes that the applicant knows what committee has jurisdiction of the subject matter in interest, that he follows events closely enough to get in his bid before the supply is exhausted. Under the law, a committee may print 1000 copies irrespective of cost. After that, it may apply to its own House for printing up to 500—i.e., by simple resolution. If the amount is over 500, it requires concurrence of both Houses if it doesn t run over 200, the Joint Committee on Printing may authorize additional printing without further reference. 

The additional costs to manufacture vehicles that run on alternative fuels has been a subject of much debate. Many believe that when all changes have been taken into account, the costs for near alcohol automobiles will be very close to the cost of a gasoline automobile. FFVs are expected to cost slightly more. 

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