Round Containers

The argument is persuasive enough in the Burmese case to exclude this entirely from the generalisations made about Southeast Asia by the authors discussed below, most of whom are in practice Indonesia specialists. In environmental terms, the major Southeast Asian dry zone of the mid-Irrawaddy basin, where rains were regular but not year-round, contained substantial areas very suitable for the irrigation of permanent bunded rice-fields. The ease of military movements both on the river and across the basin in the dry season made this a natural area for a substantial state. By contrast, the vast area persistendy covered by what Lieberman calls fluid, small-scale Tai polities , seems almost equally resistant to the bureaucratic state as does the Archipelago, partly for similar environmental reasons. 

In the towed system a conventional belt feed is used for ammo, the belted rounds being fed from a 500-round container. In other systems where more space is available, a linkless feed system can be used and this has a capacity of 1100 rounds... 

C. A special milder load may be used in unaltered weapons. These are referred to as sub sonic loads. These rounds contain leas powder and do not propel bullets to super sonic speeds. Borne semi and full auto weapons need to be altered to funct Ion rel iabty with eubsonic rounds. 

Chemical munitions are placed in a cardboard box or carrier, preferably by robot but if need be, manually. The box is placed on an elevator for the SK2000 version or on a trolley conveyor for the smaller units and is transported to the top of the kiln. Leaking munitions are placed in an airtight plastic bag and then in the box before being loaded. Munitions that are already in a single round container can be loaded onto the conveyor or elevator while in the container. 

One significant vibratory effect is associated with abrasion or rub, particularly where printed or decorated surfaces are involved. This effect is likely to be more severe on round containers which will revolve (clockwise and anti-clockwise), and move side to side and up and down in either a carton or a divisioned outer. Rectangular or square containers under the same circumstances will usually show less movement. Thus unless the label is recessed, superior rub resistance is usually required for a label on a cylindrical pack. 

Shallow drawn containers are produced in two basic shapes—round and rectangular. Round containers are used for packing viscous pharmaceutical ointments and creams which may be difficult to fill or dispense from collapsible tubes. Since the containers have full apertures and vertical side walls, filling may be accomplished with wide bore filling tubes. 

The closures used for shallow drawn rigid containers are slip lids for round containers and either slip lids or hinge lids for rectangular containers. They are produced from the same materials and by the same technique of drawing as the containers on which they are used. 

When used on round containers, slip lids normally rely on forming a closure between the side wall of the container and that of the lid. Hence the effectiveness of the closure is governed by the difference in diameter of the two components, their relative rigidity and the depth of engagement. The lid itself—which is often domed—may stand considerably proud of the upper rim and allows brimful filling. 

Although slip lids are also used on rectangular drawn containers, the geometry of the two components does not allow as tight a fit as is possible with round lids. Hence moisture sensitive tablets or pastilles are better packed in round containers. Alternatively a slip lid of the type commonly used on both round and rectangular tobacco containers can be used. This is usually referred to as a vacuum sealed lid but is more accurately described as a differential pressure lid. The lid itself incorporates a flowed-in PVC or EVA gasket to form a closure with the upper rim of the base. 

Round containers such as drums, pails and buckets have a poor space utilisation. Although a cube offers best utilisation of space it is not necessarily the best shape for stacking, as load interlocking by pattern arrangement is either difficult or wasteful of space. Rectangular or brick shaped outers which fit the pallet dimensions are preferable. 

Note that the way a printed or decorated component moves, vibrates, rubs, etc. will relate both to the shape of the article and to the type and configuration of the packaging materials which surround it. For example, a cylindrical bottle in a carton or a divisioned outer will move from side to side, up and down and rotate in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction. A rectangular, square or oblong container is unlikely to rotate. Since the rotational movement with the round container is likely to be predominant and more damaging to the surface decoration, this may require a higher level of rub resistance. 

Applying a coating of enamel on flat metal sheets prior to fabrication into a container, or a round container after it has been fabricated. Both are carried out by a roller coating process followed by a curing/drying operation. 

Adapted from Assembly for 12 x 56 single round container provided to the committee by ACWA, June 13, 2008. 

MRC multiple-round container RCWM recovered chemical warfare materiel... 

Several mobile treatment systems discussed earlier in this chapter can be dispatched to the site of an NSCWM discovery to perform on-site treatment of the item. An alternative to the use of mobile systems is to overpack the chemical waste to be treated in a multiple-round container (MRC) and transport it to an off-site facility for treatment or storage. 

TABLE 2-5 Multiple-Round Containers and Their Contents... 

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