Retin-A Micro

Tretinoin Retin-A Retin-A Micro 0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.1 % cream 0.01%, 0.025% gel 0.05% solution 0.04% and 0.1% gel Apply a small amount once daily before bedtime Skin irritation, dryness, photosensitivity initially may worsen acne Skin irritation, dryness, photosensitivity initially may worsen acne... 

Thalidomide (Thalomid) Topotecan (Hycamtin) Tretinoin, Topical [Retinoic Acid] (Retin-A, Avita, Renova, Retin-A Micro)... 

Topical retinoic acid is applied initially in a concentration sufficient to induce slight erythema with mild peeling. The concentration or frequency of application may be decreased if too much irritation occurs. Topical retinoic acid should be applied to dry skin only, and care should be taken to avoid contact with the corners of the nose, eyes, mouth, and mucous membranes. During the first 4-6 weeks of therapy, comedones not previously evident may appear and give the impression that the acne has been aggravated by the retinoic acid. However, with continued therapy, the lesions will clear, and in 8-12 weeks optimal clinical improvement should occur. A timed-release formulation of tretinoin containing microspheres (Retin-A Micro) delivers the medication over time and may be less irritating for sensitive patients. 

Trade names A-Acido Aberal Aberela Acid A Vit Acnavit Acta Airol Aknemycin Plus (EM Industries) Alquingel Alten ATRA Atragen Avita Avitcid Avitoin Cordes VAS Derm A Dermairol Dermojuventus Epi-Aberel Eudyna Relief Renova (Ortho) Retin-A Micro (Ortho) Retinoic Acid Retinova Solage (Galderma) SteiVAA Stieva-A Vesanoid (Roche)... 

Neeley, W.L., Redenti, S., Klassen, H., Tao, S., Desai, T, Young, M.J., Langer, R. A micro-fabricated scaffold for retinal progenitor cell grafting. Biomaterials 29, 418-426 (2008)... 

Material science can also benefit from oligomeric state of proteins. New retinal nano-ceramic materials with pillared hybrid micro-structures were fabricated for potential applications in optical holographic data storage. It was observed that the Schiff bases in retinal have substantial effect on optical properties of nano-ceramic films as well as diffraction efficiency for holographic storage. This study indicates feasibility of optimizing optical properties of nano-ceramic clay systems using Schiff bases for a variety of photonic applications.40... 

Kennedy A, Frank RN, Mancini MA. In vitro production of glycosaminogly-cans by retinal micro vessel cells and lens epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1986 27 746-754. 

Wang R, Huang X, Liu G, Wang W, Dong E, Li Z, et al. Eabrication and characterization of a parylene-based three-dimensional microelectrode array for use in retinal prosthesis. J Micro-electromech Syst 2010 19(2) 367-74. 

In mammals, a small group of carotenoids, approximately 50 of the 600 known compounds, serve as precursors of vitamin A (13-16). Carotenoids in vertebrates seem to be oxidatively cleaved primarily at the central 15,15 double bond to yield two molecules of retinal (16), but eccentric cleavage to yield P-apo-carotenals also seems to occur. Fish and birds can also form vitamin A from hydroxy- and oxocarotenoids. In plants and micro-organisms, eccentric cleavage is common. 

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