Retin-A - Tretinoin

Tretinoin Retin-A Retin-A Micro 0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.1 % cream 0.01%, 0.025% gel 0.05% solution 0.04% and 0.1% gel Apply a small amount once daily before bedtime Skin irritation, dryness, photosensitivity initially may worsen acne Skin irritation, dryness, photosensitivity initially may worsen acne... 

Tretinoin (Various), Avita (Bertek), Retin-A (Ortho)... 

In vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies with tretinoin cream and gel indicated that less than 0.3% of the topically applied dose is bioavailable. Circulating plasma levels of tretinoin are only slightly elevated above those found in healthy normal controls. Estimates of in vivo bioavailability ot Retin-A M/cro following single and multiple daily applications, for a period of 28 days with the 0.1 % gel, were... 

Thalidomide (Thalomid) Topotecan (Hycamtin) Tretinoin, Topical [Retinoic Acid] (Retin-A, Avita, Renova, Retin-A Micro)... 

Dermatological reactions to lithium include acne, follicular eruptions, and psoriasis. Hair loss and thinning also have been reported. Except for cases of exacerbation of psoriasis, these reactions are usually benign and may not warrant discontinuation of lithium treatment. Lithium-induced acne responds to topical treatment with retinoid acid, such as tretinoin (Retin-A). 

Topical retinoic acid is applied initially in a concentration sufficient to induce slight erythema with mild peeling. The concentration or frequency of application may be decreased if too much irritation occurs. Topical retinoic acid should be applied to dry skin only, and care should be taken to avoid contact with the corners of the nose, eyes, mouth, and mucous membranes. During the first 4-6 weeks of therapy, comedones not previously evident may appear and give the impression that the acne has been aggravated by the retinoic acid. However, with continued therapy, the lesions will clear, and in 8-12 weeks optimal clinical improvement should occur. A timed-release formulation of tretinoin containing microspheres (Retin-A Micro) delivers the medication over time and may be less irritating for sensitive patients. 

There are many types of preparations that contain retinol. Absorption is greatest for aqueous preparations, intermediate for emulsions, and slowest for oil solutions. Whereas oil-soluble preparations may lead to greater hepatic storage of the vitamin, water-miscible preparations usually provide higher concentrations in plasma. Vitamin A is available as capsules. Tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid Retin A) is available for topical use. Isotretinoin (13-ri.s-retinoic acid Accutane) is available for oral use, as is etretinate (Tegison). 

Tretinoin (Retin-A) is applied topically (not in combination with other keratolytics). It may promote UV-induced skin cancer. Tretinoin should be avoided in sunny weather, and in pregnancy. Benefit is seen in about 10 weeks. Adapalene, a synthetic retinoid, may be better tolerated. 

A baby was born missing its right ear and external auditory canal. At 20 months an MRI scan of the brain showed focal atrophy and encephalomalacia of the right parieto-occipital lobe. His mother had used topical tretinoin (Retin A 0.025%) on her face and a large surface of the back before conception and during the first 2-3 months of pregnancy. His father had used oral isotretinoin before conception. 

Exhibit 4.8). Botulinum toxin (Botox) is being injected as an anti-wrinkle treatment (Exhibit 11.11), and a vitamin A derivative (Retin-A gel, Tretinoin) is prescribed for the treatment of facial wrinkles. Drugs such as tacrine and donepezil, which work by attacking enzymes that breakdown acetylcholine, have been approved for boosting memory. Sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer) is used to treat sexual dysfunction (Exhibit 3.15). 

Tretinoin (Retin-A, others) has been used in the treatment of acne vulgaris for almost four decades. A primary use for tretinoin is to reduce the hyperkeratinization that leads to microcomedone formation, the initial lesion in acne. Follicular comeocytes become less cohesive as a result of shedding of desmosomes, decreasing tonofila-ments and increasing keratinocyte autolysis and intracellular deposition of glycogen. 

Synonyms 3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2, 6,6-trimethyl-l-cyclohexen-l-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic acid vitamin A acid tretinoin Trade names Aberel, Airol, Aknoten, Cordes Vas, Dermairol, Epi-Aberel, Eudyna, Retin-A Use Acne control HPLC Si-10 20A 80B 4.7 GC 2385 250°C... 

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