Thermoplastic synthetic resins

ELASTOMERS SYNTHETIC - THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS] (Vol 9) Polyamidesepichlorohydrin resins... 

Block copolymers have become commercially valuable commodities because of their unique stmcture—property relationships. They are best described in terms of their appHcations such as thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), elastomeric fibers, toughened thermoplastic resins, compatibilizers, surfactants, and adhesives (see Elastot rs, synthetic—thermoplastic). 

Blends of isobutylene polymers with thermoplastic resins are used for toughening these compounds. High density polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene are often modified with 5 to 30 wt % polyisobutylene. At higher elastomer concentration the blends of butyl-type polymers with polyolefins become more mbbery in nature, and these compositions are used as thermoplastic elastomers (98). In some cases, a halobutyl phase is cross-linked as it is dispersed in the polyolefin to produce a highly elastic compound that is processible in thermoplastic mol ding equipment (99) (see Elastomers, synthetic-thermoplastic). ... 

An integrally monlded composite article comprised of (I) a nonfoam layer formed from a thermoplastic elastomer powder composition (A) and (II) a foam layer formed from a foamable composition comprised of (i) (B) a thermoplastic synthetic resin powder, and (C) a heat decomposable foaming agent and (D) a liquid coating agent, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer powder (A) is comprised of a composition of an ethylene-alpha-olefm copolymer mbber and a polyolefin resin or thermoplastic elastomer powder comprised of a partially crosslinked composition of an ethylene-alpha-olefm copolymer mbber and a polyolefin resin, the thermoplastic elastomer powder having a complex dynamic viscosity at 250 deg C and a freqnency of 1 radian/sec of not more than 1.5x1,000,000 poise and having a Newtonian viscosity index n, calculated by a specific formula. 

Sealants - [ELASTOMERSSYNTHETIC - POLYISOPRENE] (Vol 9) - [SEALANTS] (Vol 21) -acrylics [ACRYLICESTERPOLYMERS - SURVEY] (Voll) -barium compds in [BARIUM COMPOUNDS] (Vol 3) -based on liquid polysulfides [POLYMERS CONTAINING SULFUR - POLYSULFIDES] (Vol 19) -defoamersin [DEFOAMERS] (Vol 7) -fiom fluorosilicones [FLUORINE COMPOUNDS,ORGANIC - POLY(FLUOROSILICONES)] (Volll) -hydrocarbon resins in [HYDROCARBON RESINS] (Vol 13) -lecithin in (LECITHIN] (Vol 15) -organolithiumcmpdsinprdnof [LITHIUM AND LITHIUM COMPOUNDS] (Vol 15) -polysulfide curing [PEROXIDES AND PEROXIDE COMPOUNDS - INORGANIC PEROXIDES] (Vol 18) -propylene oxide in mfg of [PROPYLENE OXIDE] (Vol 20) -PVB m [VINYL POLYMERS - VINYL ACETAL POLYMERS] (Vol 24) -rheological measurements [RHEOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS] (Vol 21) -from styrenic block copolymers [ELASTOMERS SYNTHETIC - THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS] (Vol 9) -use of dispersants [DISPERSANTS] (Vol 8)... 

Typically tape or film epoxy adhesives are modified with synthetic thermoplastic polymers to improve flexibility in the uncured film and toughness in the cured adhesive. Epoxy resins can also be blended with phenolic resins for higher heat resistance. The most common hybrid systems include epoxy-phenolics, epoxy-nylon, epoxy-nitrile, and epoxy-vinyl hybrids. These hybrid film adhesives are summarized in Table 13.2, and structural properties are shown in Table 13.3. 

Terpene Resin, Synthetic, occurs as a pale yellow to yellow, solid, thermoplastic resin. It is composed essentially of a-pinene, (3-pinene, and/or dipentene polymers. Its color is less than 4 on the Gardner scale (measured in 50% mineral spirit solution). It is insoluble in water. 

When wood meals are kneaded with synthetic thermoplastic resins, the mixture shows hot-melting behavior as these plastics act as external plasticizers [20]. However, such wood plastic composites lack a fibrous construction and do not show the excellent properties of solid wood such as beautiful grain and color, tactility, or insulation. 

Lacquer. A coating composition that is based on synthetic thermoplastic film-forming material dissolved in organic solvent that dries primarily by solvent evaporation. Ts pical lacquers include those based on nitrocellulose, other cellulose derivatives, vinyl resins, acrylic resins, and the like. 

The synthetic polymer industry started in 1910 when the thermoset moulding resin Bakelite was commercialized and has become a global industry in the intervening IOOh- years. The synthetic thermoplastic polymer industry started in Europe and developed in Europe and the Americas and Japan. Then, there was a shift of production and consumption to Asia-Pacific, particularly China, and a shift in production to the Middle East, in the last 30 years. The polyolefin industry has perhaps even led this shift. Five of the major polyolefin producers (in the list of the... 

Vinyl chloride homopolymer Vinyl chloride polymer Vinyl chloride resin Vinyon Definition Synthetic thermoplastic high polymer in rigid, plasticized, std. and high impact grades resist, to weathering, moisture, most acids, fats, petrol, hydrocarbons, fungus dimensionally stable good dielec, props. 

Synthetic polymers are relatively recently introduced materials. The natural fiber wool has already been used since antiquity, but the first completely synthetic fibers have only been in use since 1940. Iron has been known as a working material for thousands of years, but the oldest thermoset, phenolic resin, has only been known since 1906, and the oldest completely synthetic thermoplast, poly(vinyl chloride-co-acetate), has only been commercially produced since 1928. Large-scale application of elastomers has only been known since the beginning of the 19th century, when natural rubber was used, but the first commercial synthesis of a completely synthetic elastomer, poly(2,3-dimethyl butadiene), was only made in 1916. Since this time, the commercial production of thermoplasts, thermosets, chemical fibers, and synthetic rubbers has increased strongly (Figure 33-2). 

Generally synthetic resins are grouped into two categories thermoplastic synthetic resins and thermosetting synthetic resins [6]. Thermoplastic resins can be softened and reformed by applying heat and pressure even after being set in a certain shape. Examples of this type of synthetic resin include polyethylene and polypropylene. These resins (polymers) are used in packaging films, molded containers, and for automotive components. 

This is one of the most important synthetic thermoplastic elastomers. Nitrile rubber is a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile. The copolymer usually contains enough acrylonitrile (>25%) so that good resistance to oil and grease can be obtained. Adhesive properties also increase with increasing nitrile content. These adhesives are used to bond vinyls, other elastomers, and fabrics where good wear, oil, and water resistance are important. Compatibility with additives, fillers, and other resins is another advantage of this material.Table 5.1 summarizes the properties of nitrile rubber. 

Nylons are synthetic thermoplastic polyamides of relatively high molecular weight that have been used as the basis for several types of adhesive systems. They are used as solution adhesives, as hot-melt adhesives, and as components of other adhesive-alloy types (nylon-epoxy and phenolic-nylon). The high-molecular-weight products are generally referred to as modified nylons. Low- and intermediate-molecular-weight materials are also available. The latter two are more commonly used in hot-melt formulations and the modified nylons are often blended with small amounts of a phenolic resin to improve surface wetting (hence nylon-phenolic). 

Polyester carbonates n. A synthetic thermoplastic resin, a Unear polymer of carbonic acid. 

Fig. 1. The historical development of synthetic thermoplastic resins. The reported years indicate the presumed entry in the market. See Table 1 for an explanation of acronyms.

Thermoplastic Type EVA and synthetic resins. Granules. Thermoplastic Type EVA and synthetic resins. Granules. ... 

Plastic materials, synthetic resins, and thermoplastic elastomers 1.90 1.37... 

---