Reproductive physiology

Reprocessing Reproductive physiology Reproductive system Reprographic inks Reprography Re-refining... 

Reproductive System. The primary PGs are intimately involved in reproductive physiology (67). PGE2 and PGP2Q, are potent contractors of the pregnant utems and intravenous infusion of either of these compounds to pregnant humans produces a dose-dependent increase in frequency and force of uterine contraction. PGI2 and TXA2 have mild relaxant and stimulatory effects, respectively, on uterine tissue. The primary PGs also play a role in parturition, ovulation, luteolysis, and lactation and have been impHcated in male infertility. 

Daikoku S. (1999). The olfactory origin of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons. A new era in reproduction physiology. Arch Histol Cytol 62, 107-117. 

Sanchez Criado J.E. (1982). Involvement of the vomeronasal system in the reproductive physiology of the rat. In Olfaction and Endocrine Regulation (Breipohl W., ed.). IRL Press, London, pp. 209-222. 

The causes of variability of superovulatory responses are complex and not fully understood. The general health of the animal, as well as its characteristic reproductive physiology, is important. The exact composition of the gonadotrophin preparations administered and the exact administration protocol also influence the outcome. The variability of FSH LH ratios in many p-FSH preparations can affect the results obtained, with the most consistent superovulatory responses being observed when FSH preparations exhibiting low LH activity are used. The availability of recombinant FSH and LH will overcome these difficulties at least. 

McEwen, B. S. Gonadal steroid influences on brain development and sexual differentiation. In Reproductive Physiology IV. Ed Greep, R. University Park University Park Press, 1983, pp99-145. 

Krolak JM, Taylor N, Dashek WV, Mills R. Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid-induced suppression of 14C-proline incorporation into cytoplasmic macromolecules and cell wall of Lilium longiflorum pollen, in Advances in Plant Reproductive Physiology (Malik CP, ed.), Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India, 1978, pp. 62-71. 

Dickie, L. A. (2005) The reproductive physiology of the fossa in captivity. PhD Thesis, Queen Mary University of Fondon. 

University of Liege, Center for Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Belgium and CNRS/INRA/University of Tours, Laboratory of Behavioral and Reproductive Physiology, France keller tours.inra.fr... 

The occurrence of APEO or their metabolites (AP and carboxylated derivatives) was also studied in two tributaries of the Llobregat river (northeastern Spain). The Llobregat river is one of the most important sources of drinking water for the Barcelona area with a population of 3.2 million people. Since 1960, the effluents from tannery, textile, pulp and paper industries, situated along the river basin, have discharged into the river and several comprehensive studies [15—17] have been performed in order to determine the levels of estrogenic alkylphenolic compounds (and steroid sex hormones) and to study the effects of WWTP effluents on the reproductive physiology of fish. 

The authors concluded that the mixture induced effects on the liver and the kidney, and on the general metabolism at high doses but caused only minor effects on immune function, reproductive hormone levels, or general indices of reproductive function measures. The results suggested that additive or synergistic effects of exposure to contaminants resulting in residue levels representative of contemporary human tissue levels are unlikely to result in adverse effects on immune function or reproductive physiology in male rats. 

Increase basic knowledge of the mechanisms of male reproductive physiology to a level comparable to the current level of knowledge on mechanisms of female reproductive physiology. 

Kirton KT, Kimball FA, Porteus SE. Reproductive physiology prostaglandin-associated events. Adv... 

Henry LA, Witt DM. 2002. Resveratrol Phytoestrogen effects on reproductive physiology and behavior in female rats. Horm Behav 41 220-228. 

This chapter discusses both male and female reproductive toxicity and provides an overview of reproductive physiology. 

Methoprene and fenoxycarb mimic the action of insect juvenile hormone in molting and reproduction, and have low toxicity to mammals. Exposure at molting produces deformed insects having mixed larval/pupal or larval/adult morphologies, and they disrupt reproductive physiology in adults to effectively serve as a method of birth control. 

Despite their reproductive potential, workers do not normally activate their ovaries in the presence of the established reproductives. Early observations already indicated the involvement of pheromones in the lack of worker reproduction (Fletcher and Ross, 1985 Holldobler and Bartz, 1985). These pheromones most likely do not directly act on the reproductive physiology of workers, which would be a type of parental manipulation. They are more likely signals that indicate the presence of a healthy and fertile queen to the workforce (Seeley, 1985 Keller and Nonacs, 1993). Workers benefit in this situation from raising offspring rather than from their own reproduction. Nevertheless some workers may activate their ovaries, which is not in the interest of other colony members (Bourke and Franks, 1995). Kin selection theory predicts that either the principal reproductive or other workers should prevent their reproduction (Ratnieks, 1988 Ratnieks et al, 2006). A necessary requirement for this interference is that incipient subordinate egg-layers or their eggs are identified. 

Weinbauer G, Korte R. Reproduction in nonhuman primates—A Model Sytem for Human Reproductive Physiology and Toxicology. Muenster Waxmann, 1999. 

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