Selective theory

HUMAN AXILLARY ODOURS AND SEXUAL SELECTION THEORY AND DATA... 

Observations which could not be accommodated within a simple, limited capacity filter model led to the development of late-selection theories of atten-... 

F. M. Burnet, The Clonal Selection Theory of Acquired Immunity, Vanderbilt Univ. Press, 1959. 

The gas chromatographic technique is explained on the basis of a physical process with correlations to distillation,liquid-liquid extraction, countercurrent distribution, and other separation techniques to give the reader a better appreciation of the basic process of chromatography. Explanation of fundamentals is followed by chapters on columns and column selection, theory and use of detectors, instrumentation necessary for a gas chromatographic system, techniques used for qualitative and quantitative analyses, and data reduction and readout. Subsequent chapters cover specialized areas in which gas chromatographic literature is more scattered and data collection and evaluation are more important. 

The directive hypothesis also regarded the antigen to be responsible for generating the molecules necessary for recognition, suggesting that it occurs at the DNA level. This hypothesis was also discarded in favor of the selective theory. 

Burnet FM (1959) The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge... 

A key feature of the clonal selection theory is that each antibody-forming cell or clone is committed to the expression of one antibody. The diversity in the response is a consequence of the great variety of distinct clones. Initially, Burnet (1957) assumed that antibody diversification occurs exclusively early in life, by a random... 

Burnet, M. (1964). The clonal selection theory of immunity—A Darwinian modification. Aust. J. Sci. 27,6-7. 

Jeme, N.K. (1955). The natural-selection theory of antibody formation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 41, 849-857. 

Reeve H. K. (1993) Haplodiploidy, eusociality and absence of male parental and alloparental care in Hymenoptera a unifying genetic hypothesis distinct from kin selection theory. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 342, 335-352. 

The clonal selection theory explains the operation of the humoral immune system as follows. 

Despite their reproductive potential, workers do not normally activate their ovaries in the presence of the established reproductives. Early observations already indicated the involvement of pheromones in the lack of worker reproduction (Fletcher and Ross, 1985 Holldobler and Bartz, 1985). These pheromones most likely do not directly act on the reproductive physiology of workers, which would be a type of parental manipulation. They are more likely signals that indicate the presence of a healthy and fertile queen to the workforce (Seeley, 1985 Keller and Nonacs, 1993). Workers benefit in this situation from raising offspring rather than from their own reproduction. Nevertheless some workers may activate their ovaries, which is not in the interest of other colony members (Bourke and Franks, 1995). Kin selection theory predicts that either the principal reproductive or other workers should prevent their reproduction (Ratnieks, 1988 Ratnieks et al, 2006). A necessary requirement for this interference is that incipient subordinate egg-layers or their eggs are identified. 

Figure 8-9. Schematic diagram representing the salient features of the clonal selection theory. (Based on F. M. Burnet, The Clonal Selection Theory of Acquired Immunity, Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, Tenn., 1959.)...

A historical perspective of the development of molecular imprinting THE SELECTIVE THEORY II... 

It appears pointless to discuss the validity of these findings today, but it is noteworthy that the procedure was in essence similar to what today is called bioimprinting [20,21], a technique whereby a protein or other biopolymer is used as the matrix for molecular imprinting instead of an abiotic polymer. Moreover, the apparent success in preparing antibodies in vitro led Pauling to initiate an investigation of the application of the selective theory in an abiotic system, as is evident from the following recollection ... 

At a lecture delivered in Philadelphia s Franklin Institute on March 17, 1949, Pauling reported some of the results from Dickey s experiments [23]. Silica gels had been prepared by procedures analogous to the formation of antibodies , i.e. in accordance with the selective theory, and the study was published later the same year [24]. The method described involved polymerisation of sodium silicate in the presence of a dye. Four different dyes were used, namely methyl, ethyl, /i-propyl and -butyl orange (Fig. 1.3). As much as possible of the dye was subsequently removed, and in rebinding experiments it was found that silica prepared in the presence of any of these pattern moleeules would bind the pattern molecule in preference to the other three dyes. Table 1.2 shows the selective increase in pattern dye sorption capacities of the gels as related to a control gel, prepared in the absence of dye. 

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