Renewable energy nuclear power

R.A. Krakowski, L. Bennett, and E. Bertel, Nuclear Fission For Safe, Globally Sustainable, Proliferation-Resistant, and Cost-Effective Energy, Proceedings of the International Conference on Preparing the Ground for Renewal of Nuclear Power, held October 22-23,1998, edited by B.N. Kursunoglu, et al., Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, 1999. 

Hydrogen can provide a variety of domestically produced primary sources including fossil fuels, renewable, and nuclear power and allow a reduction of the dependence on foreign sources of energy. The by-products of hydrogen conversion are generally agreeable to human health and the environment. 

Meanwhile, in the short- to mid-term, the only major low-carbon energy source available (apart from renewables) is nuclear power. Many energy strategists now regard nuclear power as a partial answer to diversifying a nation s electricity supply and to mitigating carbon dioxide emissions, despite... 

In addition to the Cernavoda nuclear power plant (NPP), south-eastern Romania and the Danube delta has a wider significance in the Romanian electricity system. The region, including offshore sites in the Black Sea, has a large (3 GWe) renewable wind energy potential (Leahu, 2008). The growth in renewables and nuclear power in this corner of Romania... 

FOODS AND FUELS (SECTION 5.8) The fuel value of a substance is the heat released when one gram of the substance is combusted. Different types of foods have different fuel values and differing abilities to be stored in the body. The most common fuels are hydrocarbons that are found as fossil fuels, such as natural gas, petroleum, and coal. Renewable energy sources include solar energy, wind energy, biomass, and hydroelectric energy. Nuclear power does not utilize fossil fuels but does create controversial waste-disposal problems. 

A low-energy-future scenario envisioned in the late 1970s. By 2000, the energy being consumed from petroleum, natural gas, coal, and nuclear power were all on the rise, and renewable energy supplied a smaller fraction of total energy. 

We are optimistic that the world in 2030, while still heavily dependent on cleaner fossil fuel use, will be one in which growing demand for electricity as a preferred energy source, new inherently safe nuclear power designs, and dramatic improvements in the economics of renewable technologies and end-use efficiency, will provide a broad spectrum of clean, low-cost reliable electricity choices for the marketplace. 

By 2050 total energy demand may have increased by a factor of 2 or 3 from today s. So, in order to meet such a condition, carbon-fiee energy supply would have to have grown by a factor of nearly 15. In that time-span the only sources of carbon free energy are renewables, such as solar biomass and wind, sequestration (exclusion of C02 from the atmosphere) and nuclear fission. There is considerable debate, but no conclusion, how fat and how fast renewables might grow, but clearly, if economic and acceptable, here is a major potential opening for nuclear power. 

Chapter eight discusses the power and energy and transportation future which includes hydrogen and fuel cells. Related topics involve renewables and solar satellite power. The chapter concludes several possible future scenarios and trends in nuclear power. 

Renewable energy is about 13% of the world s energy while fossil fuels make up 80% and nuclear power 7%. Wind power has become a major part of power generation in Europe, with 20 to 40% of power loads in parts of Germany, Denmark, and Spain. 

Global energy use nearly triples from 2000 to 2050. World wide nuclear power production also nearly triples during this time. Natural gas use is large in this scenario, and its use more than triples over these 50 years. Renewable energy is also abundant. 

In the light of the projected growth of demand for energy services, particularly electricity, there is a renewed interest in the extension of nuclear power in some countries. With uranium being a finite resource as well, Chapter 4 focuses primarily on the question of a future expansion of nuclear power in the context of the availability of nuclear fuels. Moreover, the evolution of the next generation of nuclear reactors, such as breeder reactors or reactors suitable for hydrogen production, is addressed. 

---