Refractory brick shapes

Dead-burned dolomite is used in the production of refractory bricks, shaped refractories and for monolithic refractories. High purity, low iron dolomite for brickmaking is generally sintered at temperatures of 1800 °C or higher (see section 16.9). A lower purity product (which is often pre-blended with 5 to 10 % of iron oxide to assist sintering) is used for fettling purposes. It is sintered at 1400 to 1600 °C. 

A refractory brick shape used in the roof of a malleable iron furnace. Bunsen s Extinction Coefficient. The reciprocal of the thickness that a layer of glass, or other transparent material, must have for the intensity of transmitted light to be decreased to one-tenth of its intensity as it falls on the layer. 

The rotary-hearth furnace consists of a heating chamber lined with refractory brick within which is an annular-shaped refractory-lined rotating hearth. Around the periphery of the rotating hearth, sand or circulating hquid seals are employed to prevent air infiltration. It can be made semicontinuous in operation. The hearth speed can be... 

Horizontal tube supports are made of refractory steel to withstand the high temperatures. Hangers for vertical tubes make for a less expensive construction per unit of tube surface. Furnaces are lined with shaped light weight refractory brick 5-8 in. thick. A 1 in. layer of insulating brick is placed between the lining and the metal shell. 

A steel jacket furnace is shaped like a vertical tower (see Fig. 115) and is lined with acid resisting and refractory bricks. The overall length is 5120 mm, the outside diameter 800 mm at the top and 1200 mm at the bottom, inside diameter 570 mm at the top and 970 mm at the bottom. 3 (500 kg of chlorine can be treated in furnaces of this type daily. Hydrogen and chlorine are brought to the valves by overpressure of 1 atm. and an overpressure of 0.5 atm. is maintained in the combustion chamber. The gas is drawn off through a side pipe which is 100 mm wide and fixed at the top of the furnace. A small safety membrane is also fitted at the top for the ease of explosion. 

For pure thermal insulation in very clean atmospheres, insulating refractories may be used. These types of refractories are normally very lightweight and can be purchased as brick shapes, as castables or refractory concretes, and as ceramic fiber. 

Bricks are commonly made in standard configurations known as straights, arches, keys, wedges, rotary kiln blocks, etc. Numerous guides are available from refractory suppliers which provide assistance in selection of standard brick shapes and combinations required to provide structurally sound linings. 

Brick lining protection can be used for many conditions that are severely corrosive even to high-alloy materials. It should be considered for tanks, vats, stacks, vessels, and other similar equipment items. Brick shapes commonly used for such construction are made of carbon, red shale, or acid-proof refractory materials. Carbon bricks are useful for handling alkaline conditions as well as acid, while the shale and the acid-proof refractory materials are used primarily for acid solutions. Carbon can also be used where sudden temperature changes are involved that would cause spalling of the other two materials. Red shale bricks generally are not used at temperatures above 118.88°C (300°F) because of poor spalling resistance. Acid-proof refractories are sometimes used at temperatures up to 871°C (1600°F). 

Figure 9.9 shows the arrangement of refractory bricks in a typical glass-melting furnace. Approximately 70% of all refractories used by industry are in the form of preformed bricks that come in a variety of shapes. There are several different types of refractory brick and the choice depends mainly on the maximum operating temperature of the furnace and on the size of the furnace. 

Caterary arch = a sprung arch in the shape of an inverted catenary curve, used in early refractory brick kilns and the St. Louis arch, Gateway to the West. ... 

Refractory bricks—the selection will depend on the service temperature in the furnace, the shape (special curved bricks are tailor made and cost more) and size and intended use as lining of surfaces or as arches for roofs or manholes with 45 or 65 %... 

However, specially shaped refractory bricks with curved surfaces (used for manhole arches or for lining circular shapes of furnaces) or with high alumina content of 65-70 % are manufactured only as per special order placed by clients in limited numbers. 

ASTM C-20 Apparent porosity, water absorption, apparent specific gravity, and bulk density of burned refractory brick and shapes by boiling water... 

Air Ramming. US term for the process of shaping a refractory brick or furnace hearth with a pneumatic rammer. 

See following types acid-resisting CLAY building concrete facing floor paving perforated sand lime sewer. See also cladding. For Brick Shapes, both for building and for furnace construction, see Fig. 1, and BS 3446 Pt.l. BS 3056 specifies dimensions of refractory bricks for various applications. BS 1902 Pt 3.11 specifies the measurement of dimensions and shapes of refractory bricks and... 

Brick Earih. An impure loamy clay, particularly that of the Pleistocene of the Thames Valley, used for brickmaking. Brick Shapes. See Fig. 1 and the further references in Appendix A. The German didier CO publishes a detailed coding system for refractory bricks and shapes, which is a de facto standard in Europe. Brick Slip. A fired ceramic architectural facing varying from about 13 to 38mm in thickness and produced either as a unit itself or cut from a larger unit. 

Casting-pit Refractories. Specially shaped refractories (usually fireclay) for use in the casting of molten steel. The individual items included in the term are LADLE BRICKS, ROD COVERS, STOPPERS,... 

Jamb Brick. See bullnose, but in particular, specially-shaped refractory bricks to form the portal around the external door of a coke-oven. 

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