References heading

Writing conventions specific to a genre that dictate the appearance and physical placement of written elements in, for example, tables, figures, references, headings, and number/unit combinations. 

FW is edited in Figure 4.5a. Under the Category heading. Stream is selected. Under the Reference heading, the type is Stream-Var, the stream is FI, and the variable is Mass-Flow. 

Operate the densitometer using the visible light source without a filter and the reflectance, single-beam mode, scanning with the small head (reference head). Operate the densitometer at a scanning speed of 10 cm/min and an attenuation of 10. Operate the baseline corrector with an input of 2 mV and an output of 10 mV. Set both the positive drift knob and noise suppression knob at 2. Set the recorder input at 10 mV and the chart speed at 30 cm/min. 

The major Umitation of binaural techniques is that all listeners are different. Binaural signals recorded for subject A may not sound correct to subject B. Nevertheless, by necessity, binaural systems are seldom individualized. Instead, a reference head, often a model that represents a typical listener or HRTFs known to perform adequately for a range of different listeners, is used to encode binaural signals for all listeners. This is called a non-individualized system (Wenzel etal., 1993). 

Routine production tests are performed, approximately once per month on each producing well, by diverting the production through the test separator on surface to measure the liquid flowrate, water cut, and gas production rate. The wellhead pressure (also called the flowing tubing head pressure, FTHP) is recorded at the time of the production test, and a plot of production rate against FTHP is made. The FTHP is also recorded continuously and used to estimate the well s production rate on a daily basis by reference to the FTHP vs production rate plot for the well. 

Usually one varies the head of mercury or applied gas pressure so as to bring the meniscus to a fixed reference point [118], Grahame and co-workers [119], Hansen and co-workers [120] (see also Ref. 121), and Hills and Payne [122] have given more or less elaborate descriptions of the capillary electrometer apparatus. Nowadays, the capillary electrometer is customarily used in conjunction with capacitance measurements (see below). Vos and Vos [111] describe the use of sessile drop profiles (Section II-7B) for interfacial tension measurements, thus avoiding an assumption as to the solution-Hg-glass contact angle. 

Head A J and Sabbah R 1987 Enthalpy Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties ed K N Marsh (Oxford Blackwell)... 

The properties of the head element of a main group in the periodic table resemble those of the second element in the next group. Discuss this diagonal relationship with particular reference to (a) lithium and magnesium, (b) beryllium and aluminium. 

It is regretted that the size of the volume has rendered the insertion of literature references impossible the Selected Bibliography (A,5) may partly compensate for this omission. Section numbers are now included in the headings of the pages—a feature introduced in response to requests by many readers. The volume comprises virtually at least three books under one cover, viz., experimental technique, preparations, and qualitative organic analysis. It should therefore continue to be of value as a one volume reference work in the laboratory. Students at all levels will find their requirements for laboratory work (excluding quantitative organic analysis) adequately provided for and, furthermore, the writer hopes that the book will be used as a source of information to supplement their theoretical studies. 

Although the term terpene once referred only to hydrocarbons current usage includes functionally substituted derivatives as well grouped together under the general term isoprenoids Figure 26 6 (page 1086) presents the structural formulas for a number of representative examples The isoprene units m some of these are relatively easy to identify The three isoprene units m the sesquiterpene farnesol, for example are mdi cated as follows m color They are joined m a head to tail fashion... 

Generally polymers involve bonding of the most substituted carbon of one monomeric unit to the least substituted carbon atom of the adjacent unit in a head-to-tail arrangement. Substituents appear on alternate carbon atoms. Tacticity refers to the configuration of substituents relative to the backbone axis. In an isotactic arrangement, substituents are on the same plane of the backbone axis that is, the configuration at each chiral center is identical. 

Figure 13 shows a typical iastallation of a differential pressure instmment for closed tanks. Connections from the instmments are made to taps ia the vessel at minimum and maximum levels. Between the instmment and the maximum level tap is a constant reference leg. This leg is filled with Hquid until its head is equivalent to the head of the Hquid ia the vessel at maximum level. The reference leg must remain constant, with no formation of vapor under varying ambient conditions. On some appHcations it may be necessary to fiH the reference leg with a Hquid, such as water or a light oil, that remains stable. If the Hquid used ia the reference leg has a higher specific gravity than the Hquid ia the tank, the resulting difference ia head must be corrected for ia the iastmment. Most differential pressure measuriag instmments are equipped mechanically to suppress this difference. 

An abridged copy of U.S. Patent No. 5,131,727 is provided in Figure 1 to illustrate the elements of an issued U.S. patent. The covet or front page of a U.S. patent (Fig. la) must foUow the form requinements placed on issued patents by the U.S. PTO. Specifically, the front covet discloses the inventor in two locations, A and C. The first named inventor is generally used as a head note. A, for the patent. A given patent may often be referred to in an informal sense by this inventor s name. 

Capacity. Pumps deHver a certain capacity, Q, sometimes referred to as flow, which can be measured directly by venturi, orifice plate (11), or magnetic meters (12) (see Flow measurement). The indirect way to determine capacity is often used. Whereas this method is less accurate than applying a flow meter, it often is the only method available in the field. The total head is measured and the capacity found from the pump head—capacity (H— curve (Fig. 2). More recently, sonic flow meters (13) have been used, which can be installed on the piping without the need for pipe disassembly. These meters are simple to use, but require relatively clean single-phase Hquid for reHable measurements. 

It is difficult to determine exactly the areas of localized pressure reductions inside the pump, although much research has been focused on this field. It is easy, however, to measure the total fluid pressure (static plus dynamic) at some convenient point, such as pump inlet flange, and adjust it in reference to the pump centerline location. By testing, it is possible to determine the point when the pump loses performance appreciably, such as 3% head drop, and to define the NPSH at that point, which is referred to as a required NPSH (NPSHR). The available NPSH (NPSHA) indicates how much suction head... 

Ordinary diffusion involves molecular mixing caused by the random motion of molecules. It is much more pronounced in gases and Hquids than in soHds. The effects of diffusion in fluids are also greatly affected by convection or turbulence. These phenomena are involved in mass-transfer processes, and therefore in separation processes (see Mass transfer Separation systems synthesis). In chemical engineering, the term diffusional unit operations normally refers to the separation processes in which mass is transferred from one phase to another, often across a fluid interface, and in which diffusion is considered to be the rate-controlling mechanism. Thus, the standard unit operations such as distillation (qv), drying (qv), and the sorption processes, as well as the less conventional separation processes, are usually classified under this heading (see Absorption Adsorption Adsorption, gas separation Adsorption, liquid separation). 

Because authors have approached similar topics from different viewpoints, index entries to those topics may appear under several headings. Thus a reader interested in, for example, the synthesis of acetyl-3Tf-azepin-2-ones should refer both to general entries (e.g. Azepinones, Azepin-2-ones, 3JT-Azepin-2-ones) and to specific entries (e.g. 3JT-Azepin-2-one, 3-acetyl- 3f7-Azepin-2-one, 7-acetyl-). 

Measurement of Performance The amount of useful work that any fluid-transport device performs is the product of (1) the mass rate of fluid flowthrough it ana (2) the total pressure differential measured immediately before and after the device, usually expressed in the height of column of fluid equivalent under adiabatic conditions. The first of these quantities is normally referred to as capacity, and the second is known as head. 

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