Best available control technology

In attainment areas, new large faciUties must be designed to incorporate the best available control technology (BACT). Generally, BACT is more stringent than RACT and equal to or less stringent than LAER. In addition, there are also rules that specify how much deterioration in baseline air quaUty a new facihty can cause. In no situation can the faciUty cause a new violation in the NAAQS. 

The effluent standards require two levels of treatment best practicable control technology (BPCT) and best available control technology (BACT). New standards covering additional industries are stiU being issued. Of special concern to the chemical industry are the following Hsted categories ... 

Emission Standards. In order to have a nationwide basis for air pollution emission controls and to set a minimum emission limit, the EPA developed New Source Performance Standards (NSPS). The NSPS set specific poUutant emission limits or describe the best available control technology (BACT) that should be appUed at that source. The EPA has issued NSPS, which apply to new constmction as weU as to large modifications, for many different sources. Sources in the chemical industry include the foUowing. 

BACT Best available control technology MWC Municipal waste combustors... 

Some variants of best practicable means are spelled out in the U.S. Clean Air Act of 1977. One is the requirement that best available control technology (BACT) for a specific pollutant be employed on new "major sources" that are to be located in an area that has attained the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for that pollutant. BACT is also required for pollutants for which there is no NAAQS [e.g., total reduced sulfur (TRS), for which emission limits are specified by a Federal New Source Performance Standard (NSPS)]. BACT must be at least as stringent as NSPS but is determined on a case-by-case basis. 

If the material recovered has some economic value, the picture is different. Figure 28-2 shows the previous cost of control with the value recovered curve superimposed on it. The plant manager looking at such a curve would want to be operating in the area to the left of the intersection of the two curves, whereas the local air pollution forces would insist on operation as far to the right of the graph as the best available control technology would allow. 

We should note that in a general sense, the objective of pollution abatement is compliance. Whether we apply conventional controls or P2, the intent is to develop corrective actions that largely focus on the lowest achievable emission rate (LAER) technologies, and only sometimes on best available control technologies (BACT),... 

Best Available Control Technology (BACT) the control level (or control measures) required for sources subject to the Prevention of Significant Deterioration program (see 40CFR 52.21(b)). 

Nowadays many companies have adopted a policy of continuous improvement of working conditions. Therefore, it is desirable to create target levels for those who want to pursue more efficient control by applying the best available control technologies. There are also endeavors to create optimal working conditions in order to improve the performance and the innovativeness of a staff, and hence enhance productivity. A series of laboratory and case studies show that employee productivity is higher when the work environment is appropriate for the tasks being done.- Such efforts are typical in the advanced sector of industry. One can say that there is a transition from blue-collar to white-collar work. ... 

Facilities in NAAQS attainment areas must follow PSD requirements by demonstrating that the construction/modification project will not cause a violation of air quality limits and will implement the best available control technology (BACT). 

Threshold Limit Value NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health IDLH = Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Level B.A.C.T. = Best Available Control Technology. 

The facility is designed with the use of the best available control technology (BACT), e g., PLC/DCS, process management systems that are commensurate to the level of risk the facility represents. 

ASME ASSE ASTM AWWA BACT BASEEFA Engineers American Society of Mechanical Engineers American Society of Safety Engineers American Society for Testing and Materials American Water Works Association Best Available Control Technology British Approval Science for Electrical Equipment in Flammable Atmospheres... 

Best Available Control Technology (BACT) - The most currently commercial optimum hardware and operating methodology applied to a process. 

ACGIH = American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists BACT = Best Available Control Technology ... 

Cracking (FCC) units have been established through consent decree between the EPA and the rehnery or by the application of new source review (NSR) provisions of the Clean Air Act when making rehnery modihcations that result in a signihcant emission increase. NSR standards require facilities to apply best available control technology (BACT) in ozone attainment areas and the lowest achievable emissions rate (LAER) in ozone nonattainment areas. In addition, in mid-2009, the U.S. EPA revised the Standards of Performance for Petroleum Rehneries (40 CFR 60 Subpart Ja) to include NO, standards for process heaters and FCCUs. 

POLYHYDROXY BENZENES] (Vol 19) BACT. See Best available control technology. 

Wisconsin Hazardous air contaminants without acceptable ambient concentrations requiring application of best available control technology 250 pounds/year2 Wl Dept, of Natural Resources 1997... 

The EPA regulations also established another critical concept known as the increment. This was the numerical definition of the amount of additional pollution that may be allowed through the combined effects of all new growth in a particular locality (see Table 22-3). To assure that the increments would not be used up hastily, EPA specified that each major new plant must install best available control technology (BACT) to limit emissions. BACT is determined based on a case-by-case engineering analysis and is more stringent than NSPS. 

To obtain a construction permit, a new or modified source governed by the Clean Air Act must meet certain requirements. These include a demonstration that best available control technology (BACT) is to be used at the source. In addition, an air quality review must demonstrate that the source will not cause... 

It should be noted that the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) have impacted on the control approach in a significant manner. In particular, the CAAA have placed an increased emphasis on control technology by requiring Best Available Control Technology (BACT) on new major sources and modifications, and by requiring Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) on new and eodsting major sources of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs). 

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