Recycled test results

The scheme of commercial methane synthesis includes a multistage reaction system and recycle of product gas. Adiabatic reactors connected with waste heat boilers are used to remove the heat in the form of high pressure steam. In designing the pilot plants, major emphasis was placed on the design of the catalytic reactor system. Thermodynamic parameters (composition of feed gas, temperature, temperature rise, pressure, etc.) as well as hydrodynamic parameters (bed depth, linear velocity, catalyst pellet size, etc.) are identical to those in a commercial methana-tion plant. This permits direct upscaling of test results to commercial size reactors because radial gradients are not present in an adiabatic shift reactor. 

To summarize the test results, the HYGAS methanation section has operated satisfactorily. Carbon monoxide conversion has been complete. The cold-gas recycle system was completely adequate for temperature... 

SAE has established a Fuel Cells Standard Forum that is chartered with the establishment of standards and test procedures for fuel cell powered vehicles. The committee was established in 1999. The standards will cover the safety, performance, reliability and recyclability of fuel cell systems in vehicles with emphasis on efficiency and environmental impact. The standards will also establish test procedures for uniformity in test results for the vehicle/systems/components performance, and define interface requirements of the systems to the vehicle. Task Groups have been formed in the areas of safety, performance, reliability, emissions, recyclability, interface and miscellaneous. 

The catalytic results compiled in Tables 7.3-7.5 show the high effectiveness of the solid catalysts tested in the hydrosilylation of terminal olefins, allyl derivatives and vinylsiloxanes with heptamethyltrisiloxane as well as with HSi(OEt)3, which moreover were subjected to recycling tests (7.1) ... 

The results indicate that the process is robust and can tolerate and recover from disruptions in operation. In addition, hydraulic stage efficiencies in the extraction and strip sections were greater than the 80% design requirement. Test results showed that the loaded solvent could be stripped of cesium and recycled to the process with... 

Table VI. Recycled Asphaltic Concrete Laboratory Test Results...

Treated and filtered wastewater can be recycled for use in irrigation. An important issue is odor removal prior to reuse. For a wastewater that has an initial concentration of 10 ppm of these compounds, the following test results are obtained when activated carbon is used to adsorb them ... 

To establish standards and test procedures for fuel cell powered vehicles. The standards will cover safety, performance, reliability and recyclability of fuel cell systems in vehicles with emphasis on efficiency and envirorrmental impact. The standards will also establish test procedures for uniformity in test results for the... 

ICBs to a clarifier for separation into sludge and overflow streams (Parsons, 2000e). The sludge was to be dewatered in filter presses and sent off site to a landfill. The filtrate from the filtration step was to be combined with the clarifier overflow, and the eombined stream (about 100 gallons/min) was to be sent to a brine evaporator. The distillate, about 90 percent of the feed, was to be recycled as process water. The bottoms were to be sent to an evaporator/crystallizer for additional water recovery and the crystallized salts sent off site for disposal the distillate was to be added to the recycled process-water sheam. However, EDS test results showed that (1) the clarifier is not needed, (2) the bioreactor effluent can be recycled without clarification, and (3) a slipstream can be sent to the evaporator for removal of salts and sludge. Vented air from the ICBs can be sent to the off-gas treatment system (Parsons, 2000e). 

Evaluate test results for recovered asphalt binder and recycled mix properties... 

Petcore, Petcore Announces New Test Results for Recyclable Barrier Technologies, news release, Jan. 25, 2005, http //www.petcore.org/news press 01.html. 

Figure 5.33 Prereforming, bench-scale test (duration 2300 hours) [386], The low temperatures imply a low H20/CnHm ratio. Recycle operation results in an overall O/C ratio of 1.0 close to the carbon limits O/C=0.9 (as calculated from principle of...

The Staxera ISM contains two Mk200 stacks with 30 ESC4" -celIs each. The stack was characterized in a controlled furnace environment prior to the system development to understand its performance at AOG reformate operation. ZBT conducted thermodynamic simulations of reformate composition for different fuel compositions depending on recycle-ratio, fuel utilizations of the SOFC stack, AOG recycle rates and reformer temperatures. Corresponding gas mixtures were fed to an Mk200/ESC4 stack and power output and fuel utilization as characteristic performance values were experimentally determined. The test results for 19 different fuel gas compositions and flow rates are shown in Figure 3. 

The recycling tests were performed as follows. In the first run, a methanol solution of CA over Pd/BP was stirred under 0.1 MPa of H2 at 25 °C for 4 h. After evaluating the reaction results using GC, the catalyst was collected,... 

The data in Table 9.2 showthat catalysts based on POL-TPP exhibit roughly the same catalytic performance as the TPP system. (In Ref. [21], systems are also documented in which the POL-based catalysts exhibit better performance.) Especially important is the robustness of these properties when the catalysts are recycled. The results from [21] would suggest that it is possible to reuse the catalyst several times with no adverse effects on performance. However, as far as we know, there have been no results published from long-term tests in continuously operating mini-plants. 

Fig. 5. Result of the ionic liquid recycle test. Reaction conditions anhydride urea AGU molar ratio 3 3 1, reaction time 3 h, reaction temperature I207C [From Xie Shao, 2009]...

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