Recombinant medical applications

In our opinion, the production of recombinant proteins for technical and medical applications should fulfill two main prerequisites. First, it should be possible to produce... 

EPO is present in serum and (at very low concentrations) in urine, particularly of anaemic individuals. This cytokine/hormone was first purified in 1971 from the plasma of anaemic sheep, and small quantities of human EPO were later purified (in 1977) from over 2500 1 of urine collected from anaemic patients. Large-scale purification from native sources was thus impractical. The isolation (in 1985) of the human EPO gene from a genomic DNA library facilitated its transfection into CHO cells. This now facilitates large-scale commercial production of the recombinant human product (rhEPO), which has found widespread medical application. 

Biotechnology for medical applications had become widely accepted and recombinant methods were familiar to most scientists working in the field. The first German biotech companies, the pioneers of the biotech industry in Germany, Qiagen (established 1984), Rhein Biotech (established 1986), MWG-Biotech (established 1990)and Evotec (established 1993), were struggling along. 

A survey of the optical bandgap, excitonic recombination properties under low excitation and electron hole plasma recombination in AlxGai.xN has been given. Demand for UV applications, i.e. gas sensors or monitors, flare sensors, medical applications, chemical and biochemical applications and light sources for phosphors increases rapidly, which will surely lead to the further improvement of the quality of the AIN containing nitrides, and thus give us much more information about their luminescence properties. 

The biodrug concept involves the use of orally administered recombinant microorganisms as a new drug delivery route to prevent or treat various diseases. The potential medical applications are numerous and can be classified in terms of bioconversion or production of active compounds. Validation studies have yet been conducted in animals (and even sometimes in human being), as described below and summarized in Table 1. 

Avidin was the first commercially available recombinant protein (1997) to be derived from a transgenic system (corn seed) for use in medical applications [285, 286, 291]. As it forms strong, non-covalent bonds with biotin, avidin is used in medical and biochemical diagnostic kits for the detection of biotin-containing proteins and nucleic acids. Transgenic corn which accumulated avidin was developed jointly by... 

Rayleigh instability see axisymmetric varicose instability rayon, 4,6,18,20 recombinant silk fibres, 315-6 Recothrom, 581 relative density, 197 Relay devices, 661-2 resorbable biotextile, 94 resorbable polymers medical applications, 91-109 elastomeric properties of fibreforming copolymers, 97-101 elastomeric resorbable polymers, 101-8... 

Recombinant DNA technology has opened up many fieids of biological research, as well as having important medical applications. With regard to biological research it has made it possible to study ... 

A small number of biotechnology products are classified as medical devices and, hence, are regulated by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH). The first approved biotech product to come under the auspices of the CDRH was OP-1 implant. Marketed by Stryker Biotech, OP-1 implant is a sterile powder composed of recombinant human oestrogenic protein-1 (OP-1) along with bovine collagen. It is used to treat fractured bones that fail to heal. The product is mixed with sterile saline immediately before application, and entails surgical insertion of the paste into the fracture. 

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