Template recognition

Couvillon, M.J., Caple, J.R, Endsor, S.L., Karcher, M Russell, T.E., Storey, D.E. and Ratnieks, F.L.W. (2007). Nest-mate recognition template of guard honeybees (Apis mellifera) is modified by wax comb transfer. Biol. Lett., 3, 228-230. 

Harano, K.-I. and Sasaki, M. (2006). Renewal process of nestmate recognition template in European honeybee Apis melliffera L. (Hymenoptera Apidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool., 41, 325-330. 

Keywords. Imprinting, Colloids, Microgels, Molecular Recognition, Templates... 

Fig. 7. General scheme for the preparation of molecularly imprinted nanospheres and their use for molecular recognition. Template molecules induce the formation of binding sites during the miniemulsion polymerization. The templates are extracted from the highly crosslinked particles and are molecularly recognized by the nanospheres selective binding sites...

In an example of molecular recognition templated by Pt, the tris-guanine Pt (NH3)] cation includes a head-to-head arrangement of two NT-coordinated manines, the Watson-Crick faces of which are available to interact with a second tris-guanine Pt (NH3)] cation via several hydrogen-bonding interactions. " ... 

Ratner, B.D. Shi, H. Recognition templates for biomaterials with engineered bioreactivity. Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 1999, 4, 395-402. 

If recognition labels of R. sylvatica tadpoles become more similar as they interact, their recognition templates may also be adjusted to correspond with these labels. Moreover, this social convergence must be incomplete because tadpoles are able to discriminate between familiar siblings and familiar non-siblings. 

Template recognition is the process of finding the most similar sequence. The researcher must choose how to compute similarity. It is possible to run a fast, approximate search of many sequences or a slow, accurate search of a few sequences. Sequences that should be analyzed more carefully are the same protein from a different species, proteins with a similar function or from the same metabolic pathway, or a library of commonly observed substructures if available. 

By analogy, a great many of other functionalized styrenes, including carboxyHc acids, amino acids, Schiff bases, or specific compounds, eg, l-DOPA, have successfully been appHed as print templates. Moreover, it has also been shown that siUca gel can be imprinted with similar templates, and that the resulting gel has specific recognition sites determined by the print molecule (162—164). 

C, 92% ee at -20 °C, 88% ee at 0°C in the reaction of acrolein and cyclopen-tadiene). This is unusual for metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions, with only few similar examples. The titanium catalyst 10 acts as a suitable chiral template for the conformational fixing of a,/ -unsaturated aldehydes, thereby enabling efficient enantioface recognition, irrespective of temperature. 

Lack of recognition of a number of important compound classes 10 Preparative amounts of template required... 

Fig. 6-8. Factors affecting the recognition properties of MIPs related to the monomer template assemblies.

Apart from the successful imprinting discussed above, the recognition for many templates is far from that is required for the particular application, even after careful optimization of the other factors affecting the molecular recognition properties. Often, a large excess of MAA in the synthesis step is required for recognition to be observed and then only in solvents of low to medium polarity and hydrogen bond... 

In light of the importance of the / -turn motif in peptide and protein recognition, and the design and synthesis of bioactive small molecules, / -turn mimetics has attracted considerable attention. Seebach and coworkers have shown recently that low molecular weight open-chain / - and y-peptides designed to promote turn formation can be used as templates for mimicking the a-peptide hormone somatostatin. 

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