Reactor characteristics

This section shall provide an overview of the methods and approaches used in the safety analysis. The information provided should be sufficient for a reviewer to obtain a basic understanding of the methods used and of the general nature of the criteria used to assess the acceptability of the results. Annex I may be of some assistance in completing this section, but the level of detail given in this annex is not required here. 

This section shall provide a brief summary, under the following headings  

This section should summarize the reactor parameters and the initial conditions used in transient analysis (paras A. 1618-A. 1623). These parameters and the permitted operating bands will form the basis of the operational limits and conditions in Chapter A. 17 (Operational Limits and Conditions). 

A summary of the reactor parameters and the ranges for specified operating conditions considered in the safety analysis shall be given. Although these values may be tabulated in various other sections of the SAR, they should be summarized here to assist in the review and assessment of the safety analysis. These parameters should include  

A range of values shall be specified for reactor parameters that vary with fuel bumup, refuelling or other factors. 

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Specific reactor characteristics depend on the particular use of the reactor as a laboratory, pilot plant, or industrial unit. AH reactors have in common selected characteristics of four basic reactor types the weH-stirred batch reactor, the semibatch reactor, the continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor, and the tubular reactor (Fig. 1). A reactor may be represented by or modeled after one or a combination of these. SuitabHity of a model depends on the extent to which the impacts of the reactions, and thermal and transport processes, are predicted for conditions outside of the database used in developing the model (1-4). 

Examplesof Heat-Exchanger Reactor Technologies 269 Table 12.3 SiC reactor characteristics according to flow rate. 

Reaction class Batch or fed-batch reactor characteristics Representative reaction time Continuous reactor requirements/benefits... 

Reactor type Fork-like chip micro mixer-tube reactor Characteristic structure of the mixing stage G structure ... 

These ways of matching reactor characteristics to the concentration levels required are illustrated in Fig. 1.23. 

General Aspects of Reactor Safety Table 5.3 Reactor characteristics. 

The reactor is characterized by no addition of reactant or removal of product during the reaction. Any reaction being carried out with this constraint, regardless of any other reactor characteristic, is considered batch. The assumptions for batch operation are (1) the contents of the tank are well mixed, (2) reaction does not occur to any appreciable degree until filling and startup procedures are complete, and (3) the reaction stops when quenched or emptied. The reactor can be operated with either a homogeneous or heterogeneous reaction mixture for almost any type of reaction. 

The degree zero in empirical reaction modelling consists of plotting commercial indicators of interest, such as yields, selectivities, costs, profits, etc., versus more or less independent (i.e. adjustable) variables, such as feedstock specifications, reactor characteristics, operating conditions and so on. This approach needs an extensive data basis and can be used only in interpolation. 

Chisti, M.Y. Moo-Young, M. Airlift reactors characteristics, applications and design considerations. Chem. Eng. Comm. 1987, 60, 195-242. 

J.-M. Commenge, L. Falk, J.-P. Corriou, M. Matlosz, Analysis of Microstructured Reactor Characteristics for Process Miniaturization and Intensification, Chem. Eng. Technol. 28 (2005) 446. 

The present chapter applies the fundamental principles of CRE to specialized examples of practical interest. Many standard texts on CRE start with a detailed presentation of reactors for homogeneous reactions and then extend the treatment to multiphase reactors. In the present chapter, homogeneous reactors constitute only a small part of the treatment and are covered under one of several case studies included. The bulk of the treatment is devoted to multiphase reactions and reactor characteristics. A broad outline of the scope of the chapter is presented in Eigure 11.1. 

Commenge, J.-M., Falk, L., Corriou, J.-P., Matlosz, M., Analysis ofmicrostructured reactor characteristics for process miniaturization and intensification, Chem. Eng. Technol., 28(4), 2005, 446-458. 

The PSR is compared to a PFR with identical catalyst weight and hourly space velocity. Reactor characteristics are quantified in terms of the conversion of A, the selectivity towards B and the productivity. 

This upper value for the PTEF s an intrinsic characteristic of a photocatalytic reactor as well as of the pollutant being photoconverted. This efficiency factor includes various reactor characteristics such as the absorbed iiradiation, the rate of photoconversion and the enthalpy of OH group formation. 

The first nuclear ice breaker was laid in 1956 and commissioned in 1959. This year (1999) becomes the 40 in the history of the Russian civil nuclear powered fleet, which consists of seven nuclear ice breakers and one transport (lighter carrier) ship. Nuclear powered ship reactor characteristics are presented in Table I. 

TABLE I. NUCLEAR POWER SfflP REACTOR CHARACTERISTICS... 

Chisti, M.Y, and Moo-Young, M. (1987), Airlift reactors Characteristics, applications, and design considerations, Chemical Engineering Communications, 60 195-242. 

The overall backmixed reactor characteristics of this gas-liquid consecutive reaction have not been presented in the literature so far, though a number of qualitative aspects worth noting are ... 

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